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cardiovascular system Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

what does the sinoatril (sa) node do?
slows action potential down
begins cardiac excitation
opens the coronary sinus
empties blood into the vessels

A

begins cardiac excitation

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2
Q

At the atrioventricular (AV) node, what happens?

A

the action potential slows

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3
Q

a single cardiac cycle includes all of the…

A

events associated with one heartbeat

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4
Q

the term systole refers to the phase of…

A

contraction

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5
Q

the term diastole refers to the phase of…

A

relaxation

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6
Q

the term diastole refers to the phase of…

A

relaxation

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7
Q

the cardiac cycle is divides into three phases. what are they?

A

relaxation period, atrial systole, ventricular systole

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8
Q

blood is a liquid connective tissue that has 3 general functions. what are they?

A

transportation, regulation, protection

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8
Q

blood is a liquid connective tissue that has 3 general functions. what are they?

A

transportation, regulation, protection

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9
Q

Blood is thicker than water. true or false

A

true

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10
Q

what is whole blood composed of?

A

blood plasma, formed elements

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11
Q

hemopoiesis occurs in…

A

red bone marrow

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12
Q

do red blood cells have a nuclei?

A

no

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13
Q

the function of haemoglobin in red blood cells is to…
recycle haemoglobin
transport oxygen
produce more haemoglobin
get rid of haemoglobin

A

transport oxygen

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14
Q

how long do red blood cells live?

A

120 days

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15
Q

white blood cells are nucleated cells. true or false

A

true

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16
Q

what is the function of a white blood cell?

A

to combat inflammation and infection

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17
Q

how long to white blood cells usually live?

A

a few hours or a few days

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18
Q

do platelets have a nuclei?

A

no

19
Q

what is haemostasis?
The format of prothrombinase
Blood clotting
A sequence of responses that stops bleeding when blood vessels are injured
A retracing blood clot that pulls the edges of the damaged vessels closer

A

A sequence of responses that stops bleeding when blood vessels are injured

20
Q

what do arteries do?

A

carry blood away from the heart to bodily tissues

21
Q

vasoconstriction

A

smaller

22
Q

vasodilation

A

increase

23
Q

what do arterioles do?

A

deliver blood to capillaries

24
Q

capillaries connect arterioles to…

A

venules

25
Q

what is cardiac output?

A

the volume of blood ejected per minute from the left ventricle into the aorta

26
Q

what is stroke volume?

A

the amount of blood ejected by the left ventricle during each beat

27
Q

How many chambers does the human heart have?

four
two
six

A

four

28
Q

Which of these vessels carries deoxygenated blood from the heart?

the pulmonary artery
the pulmonary vein
the aorta

A

the pulmonary artery

29
Q

Where does the right ventricle in the heart pump blood to?

the left ventricle
the lungs
the rest of the body

A

the lungs

30
Q

Which blood vessel provides oxygenated blood?

the pulmonary artery
the aorta
the vena cava

A

the aorta

31
Q

Which type of vessel contains valves?

arteries
lacteals
veins

A

veins

31
Q

Which type of vessel contains valves?

arteries
lacteals
veins

A

veins

32
Q

What is a network of capillaries called?

a capillary system
a capillary bed
the vascular system

A

a capillary bed

33
Q

Which vessels supply the heart with blood?

the coronary arteries
the pulmonary artery
the aorta

A

the coronary arteries

34
Q

Which type of vessel needs to withstand high blood pressure?

an artery
a vein
a capillary

A

an artery

35
Q

Which type of vessel needs to withstand high blood pressure?

an artery
a vein
a capillary

A

an artery

36
Q

Which of these vessels carries deoxygenated blood from the heart?

the pulmonary artery
the pulmonary vein
the aorta

A

the pulmonary artery

36
Q

Which of these vessels carries deoxygenated blood from the heart?

the pulmonary artery
the pulmonary vein
the aorta

A

the pulmonary artery

37
Q

Where does the right ventricle pump blood to?

the left ventricle
the lungs
the rest of the body

A

the lungs

37
Q

Where does the right ventricle pump blood to?

the left ventricle
the lungs
the rest of the body

A

the lungs

38
Q

What is plasma?

a substance used in digestion
the liquid component of blood
the collective term for blood cells

A

the liquid component of blood

39
Q

What is the function of the blood-brain barrier?

to allow objects to pass to brain cells
to protect the brain from toxins
to prevent nutrients loss

A

to protect the brain from toxins

40
Q

What is the function of the blood-brain barrier?

to allow objects to pass to brain cells
to protect the brain from toxins
to prevent nutrients loss

A

to protect the brain from toxins

41
Q

What does the pulmonary vein supply the heart with?

oxygenated blood from the lungs
deoxygenated blood from the body
oxygenated blood from the body

A

oxygenated blood from the lungs

42
Q

What heart chamber does the vena cava empty into?

the right atrium
the left atrium
the right ventricle

A

the right atrium

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