Respiratory System Flashcards
1
Q
What is the pathway of air into the body ?
A
- Nares
- Pharynx
- Larynx (covered by epiglottis)
- Trachea
- Bronchi->bronchioles
- Alveoli (gas exchange occurs)
2
Q
What structure surrounds the lung for when it expands ?
A
Pleurae (visceral [inner] & [outer] parietal)
3
Q
A spirometer is able to measure the capacity & volume of the lungs. What are the different lung volume measures ?
A
- TLC: max volume of air in lungs when 1 inhales completely (6-7 L)
- RV: volume of air remaining when 1 exhales completely
- VC: difference between min & max vol of air in lungs (TLC-RV)
- TV: vol of air inhaled or exhaled in a normal breath
- ERV: vol of additional air that can be forcibly exhaled after norm exhalation
- IRV: vol of additional air that can be forcibly inhaled after norm inhalation
4
Q
What happens during inhalation ?
A
Diaphragm & external intercostal muscles expand thoracic cavity (intrathoracic volume increases)
Causes negative-pressure breathing
Active process
5
Q
What happens during exhalation ?
A
Relaxation of diaphragm & EIM
Volume decreases so pressure increases & pushes air out
Does not have to be active
When active: internal intercostal muscles + ab muscles oppose EIM & pull rib cage down
