Respiratory System Flashcards

1
Q

Primary functions

A

o provide oxygen to body tissues for cellular respiration
Remove the waste product carbon dioxide
Help to maintain acid-base balance

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2
Q

Secondary functions

A

Sensing odors
Speech production
Straining (during childbirth or coughing)

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3
Q

Conducting Zone

A

Moves air in/out of the lungs

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4
Q

Respiratory Zone

A

part of the airway where gas exchange takes place

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5
Q

Nose

A

The major entrance and exit for the respiratory system

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6
Q

Pharynx

A

The human pharynx (plural: pharynges) is the part of the throat situated immediately posterior to the mouth and nasal cavity, and superior to the esophagus and larynx.

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7
Q

Larynx

A

the cartilaginous structure that connects the pharynx to the trachea and helps regulate the volume of air that enters and leaves the lungs. The larynx is also involved in sound production and protecting the trachea against food aspiration.

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8
Q

Trachea

A

is a tube that connects the pharynx or larynx to the lungs, allowing the passage of air.

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9
Q

Alveolar duct

A

s a tube composed of smooth muscle and connective tissue, which opens into a cluster of alveoli.

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10
Q

Alveolus

A

is one of the many small, grape-like sacs that are attached to the alveolar ducts.

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11
Q

Alveolar sac

A

is a cluster of many individual alveoli that are responsible for gas exchange.

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12
Q

Boyle’s Law(Formula)

A

P1V1 = P2V2

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13
Q

Boyle’s Law (text explanation)

A

Pressure and volume are inversely related.

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14
Q

Inspiration

A

when we breath in

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15
Q

Expiration

A

when we breath out

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16
Q

Medulla Oblongata

A

The control center that tells us to breathe.

17
Q

Eupnea

A

Quiet breathing,s a mode of breathing that occurs at rest and does not require the cognitive thought of the individual. During quiet breathing, the diaphragm and external intercostals must contract.

18
Q

Diaphragmatic breathing

A

A deep breath, equires the diaphragm to contract. As the diaphragm relaxes, air passively leaves the lungs. A shallow breath, called costal breathing, requires contraction of the intercostal muscles. As the intercostal muscles relax, air passively leaves the lungs.

19
Q

Hyperpnea

A

forced breathing, is a mode of breathing that can occur during exercise or actions that require the active manipulation of breathing, such as singing. During forced breathing, inspiration and expiration both occur due to muscle contractions.

20
Q

Diaphragm

A

A muscle of respiration and also separates the thoracic and abdominal cavities

21
Q

Atelectasis

A

the air sacs of the lungs are either partially or totally collapsed.

22
Q

Pneumonia

A

lung infection that can be caused by either viruses, fungi, protists, or bacteria.

23
Q

Asthma

A

the body reacts to an allergy by causing constriction of the airways of the lungs,

24
Q

Emphysema

A

the alveolar air sacs are destroyed and the lung itself becomes “floppy”

25
Q

Chronic Bronchitis

A

inflamed airways and large amounts of sputum are being produced.

26
Q

Pneumothorax

A

air inside the thoracic cavity and outside the lungs,

27
Q

Tuberculosis

A

bacterial infection that thrives in areas of the body that have high oxygen content