Integumentary System

Question 1

Integumentary System

Answer 1

Encloses internal body structures, site of many sensory receptors, thermoregulation vitamin D synthesis(Organs, Hair, Skin ,Nails)

Question 2

Protection

Answer 2

The skin protects the rest of the body from the basic elements of nature such as wind, water, and UV sunlight.
(Against water loss and defense against abrasive activity)

Question 3

Sensory Function

Answer 3

The skin acts as a sense organ because the epidermis, dermis, and the hypodermis contain specialized sensory nerve structures that detect touch, surface temperature, and pain.

Question 4

Thermoregulation

Answer 4

The integumentary system helps regulate body temperature through its tight association with the sympathetic nervous system, the division of the nervous system involved in our fight-or-flight responses.

Question 5

Vitamin D Synthesis

Answer 5

The epidermal layer of human skin synthesizes vitamin D when exposed to UV radiation. In the presence of sunlight, a form of vitamin D3 called cholecalciferol is synthesized in the skin. Vitamin D is essential for normal absorption of calcium and phosphorous, which are required for healthy bones.

Question 6

Skin

Answer 6

The skin is made of multiple layers of cells and tissues, which are held to underlying structures by connective tissue.

Question 7

There are three main layers (in order from superficial to deep)

Answer 7

Epidermis
Dermis
Hypodermis

Question 8

Keratinocyte

Answer 8

A keratinocyte is a cell that manufactures and stores the protein keratin.

The keratinocytes in the stratum corneum are dead and regularly slough away, being replaced by cells from the deeper layers

Question 9

Stratum Basale

Answer 9

Deepest epidermal layer (the base)
They bond to the dermis via intertwining collagen fibers, referred to as the basement membrane.
-single layer of cells primarily made of basal cells.

Question 10

Market Cell

Answer 10

Merkel cell, which functions as a receptor and is responsible for stimulating sensory nerves that the brain perceives as touch. These cells are especially abundant on the surfaces of the hands and feet.

Question 11

Melanocyte

Answer 11

a melanocyte, a cell that produces the pigment melanin. Melanin gives hair and skin its color, and also helps protect the living cells of the epidermis from ultraviolet (UV) radiation damage.

Question 12

Stratum spinosum

Answer 12

spiny in appearance due to the protruding cell processes that join the cells via a structure called a desmosome.

Question 13

Stratum Granulosum(grainy appearance)

Answer 13

The cells (three to five layers deep) become flatter, their cell membranes thicken, and they generate large amounts of the proteins keratin and keratohyalin, which accumulates as lamellar granules within the cells.

Question 14

Stratum lucidum

Answer 14

A smooth, seemingly translucent layer of the epidermis

Question 15

Stratum corneum

Answer 15

he most superficial layer of the epidermis and is the layer exposed to the outside environment.
Cells in this layer are shed periodically and are replaced
The entire layer is replaced during a period of about 4 weeks.

Question 16

Epidermis

Answer 16

top layer of the skin that consits of 5 layers

provides a physical barrier & protects underlying structures

Question 17

Dermis

Answer 17

2nd layer of the skin (deep to the epidermis)

Question 18

keratin

Answer 18

he fibrous protein that give the epidermis its protective properties.

Question 19

From superficial to deep(list the 5 layers of epidermis)

Answer 19

Corneum 
Lucidum 
Granulosum 
Spinosum
Basale

Question 20

Thick Skin

Answer 20

he fibrous protein that give the epidermis its protective properties.

Question 21

Thin Skin

Answer 21

he fibrous protein that give the epidermis its protective properties.