respiratory physiology

Question 1

what are the four process of respiration

Answer 1

breathing (moving air into lungs)
external respiration (air gas exchanging with blood gas)
internal respiration (blood gas exhanging with cell gas)
cellular respiration (cells using O, and giving off CO2)

Question 2

what are the functions of the respiratory system

Answer 2

gas exchange
movement of air into the lungs
warming the air
noise production
assists in olfaction
prevent dehydration

Question 3

What are the parts of the respiratory defense system

Answer 3

mucus cells
mucus glands
cilia
alveolar macrophages
nasal hairs

Question 4

What are the steps in the development of the lungs and the pleural cavity

Answer 4

1. septum transversum grows from ventral side of embryo toward the back, separating the thoracic and peritoneal cavities
2. pericardialperitoneal canals remain open dorsally
3. lungs expand into pericardialperitoneal canals
4. pleuropericardial folds invaginate from lateral sides, separating the pericardial and pleural cavities
5. lungs grow into pleural cavities
6. pericardialperitoneal canals are closed by pleuroperitoneal membranes

Question 5

what is a diaphragmatic hernia

Answer 5

when the diaphragm doesn’t completely form, allowing room for intestines to grow up into the pleural cavity. this causes the lungs to be underdevelopped

Question 6

what two types of cells are involved in development of the lungs

Answer 6

mesenchyme (mesoderm) and endothelial (endoderm) cells

Question 7

what is the difference between tracheal and bronchial mesenchyme

Answer 7

tracheal mesenchyme inhibits branching

bronchial mesenchyme promotes branching

Question 8

What happens in lung development when you don’t have FGF 10

Answer 8

the lungs don’t develop

Question 9

what are tracheoesophageal fistulas/atresias

Answer 9

when the trachea and esophagus join together

Question 10

why do midwifes/newborns feed kids first

Answer 10

to help diagnose tracheoesophageal fistulas