blood vessels

Question 1

What is the function of arteries

Answer 1

to carry blood away from the heart

Question 2

what is the function of veins

Answer 2

to carry blood toward the heart

Question 3

what is anastomosis

Answer 3

when two or more arteries converge and supply the same body region

Question 4

what is the main function of capillaries

Answer 4

the location of gas and nutrient exchange between the blood and the tissues

Question 5

what tunica do the capillaries have

Answer 5

only tunica intima

Question 6

what kind of arteries are the largest arteries

Answer 6

elastic/conducting arteries

Question 7

what are elastic arteries high in

Answer 7

elastin (allow them to stretch and recoil)

Question 8

What is another name for muscular arterie

Answer 8

distributing arteries

Question 9

what is the thickest layer in muscular arteries

Answer 9

tunica media

Question 10

what are the primary resistance vessels

Answer 10

arterioles

Question 11

what regulates arteriole diameter

Answer 11

local tissue factors and SNS

Question 12

what is the primary location of diapedesis

Answer 12

venules

Question 13

what are the types of capillaries and where are they found

Answer 13

continuous (most common)
fenestrated (small int. endocrine glands, kidneys)
sinusoidal (bone marrow, spleen, liver)

Question 14

what are varicose veins

Answer 14

dysfunctional valves in the veins that lead to blood pooling in superficial veins

Question 15

what causes varicose veins

Answer 15

genetic disposition, age, strain

Question 16

what are hemmroids

Answer 16

varicose veins in the anorectal region

Question 17

what are the blood pressures at the following points:
entrance of aorta
start of capillaries
end of capillaries
entrance to heart

Answer 17

100 mm/hg
35 mm/hg
18 mm/hg
2 mm/hg

Question 18

what is capillary hydrostatic pressure

Answer 18

the pressure within capillray walls

Question 19

what are the factors that affect total peripheral resistance

Answer 19

1. vascular resistance (length and diameter)
2. blood viscosity
3. turbulence

Question 20

what is pulse pressure

Answer 20

the difference between the systolic pressure and diastolic pressure

Question 21

what is mean arterial pressure

Answer 21

diastolic pressure + 1/3 pulse pressure

Question 22

what is hypertension

Answer 22

high blood pressure 140/90

Question 23

what is hypotension

Answer 23

low blood pressure 90/60

Question 24

what is orthostatic hypotension

Answer 24

transient hypotention caused by sudden change in body position

Question 25

what is elastic rebound

Answer 25

arteries recoiling after stretching, pushing blood to the capillaries

Question 26

what is venous return

Answer 26

the amount of blood arriving at the right atria per minute

Question 27

What are the branches off of the aorta

Answer 27

brachiocephalic trunk
- right common carotid
- right subclavian
    - right vertebral
    - right internal thoracic
left subclavian
    - left vertebral
    - left internal thoracic
left common carotid