Respiratory pathology and emergencies Flashcards
What is the primary function of the airway?
To facilitate the passage of air to and from the lungs.
True or False: The trachea is a muscular structure.
False. The trachea is a rigid tube supported by cartilage.
Fill in the blank: The ________ is the part of the airway that connects the throat to the lungs.
trachea
What are the two main branches of the trachea called?
Bronchi
Multiple Choice: Which structure is responsible for gas exchange?
Alveoli
What is the term for the inflammation of the airways often seen in asthma?
Bronchoconstriction
True or False: The epiglottis prevents food from entering the trachea.
True
What is the primary cause of obstructive sleep apnea?
Repetitive collapse of the upper airway during sleep.
Fill in the blank: The ________ is located at the base of the larynx and leads to the trachea.
cricoid cartilage
Which condition is characterized by wheezing and shortness of breath?
Asthma
What is the medical term for difficulty breathing?
Dyspnea
True or False: The lungs are located in the mediastinum.
False. The lungs are located in the thoracic cavity.
What is the purpose of the alveolar-capillary membrane?
To allow gas exchange between the alveoli and the blood.
Fill in the blank: The ________ is a flap of tissue that covers the larynx during swallowing.
epiglottis
What is the term for the sound made during breathing due to airway obstruction?
Stridor
True or False: Bronchodilators are used to widen airways.
True
What is the primary role of the diaphragm in respiration?
To contract and expand the thoracic cavity for inhalation and exhalation.
Fill in the blank: The ________ is the part of the respiratory system involved in the exchange of gases.
lungs
What condition is characterized by fluid in the alveoli?
Pulmonary edema
What is the primary symptom of a pulmonary embolism?
Sudden shortness of breath
True or False: The respiratory system is responsible for oxygenating the blood.
True
What is the medical term for a respiratory rate that is faster than normal?
Tachypnea
Fill in the blank: The ________ divides the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity.
diaphragm
What is a common sign of respiratory failure?
Cyanosis