Bleeding

Question 1

Define

Hemorrhage

Answer 1

Bleeding

Question 2

How long does it take for the heart to die after no perfusion?

Answer 2

4-6 minutes

Question 3

How long does it take for the lung cells to die after no perfusion?

Answer 3

15-20 minutes

Question 4

How long does it take for the kidneys to die after no perfusion?

Answer 4

45 minutes

Question 5

How long does it take for the skeletal muscle cells to die after no perfusion?

Answer 5

3 hours

Question 6

Describe Capillary bleeding

Answer 6

oozing

Question 7

Describe Venous bleeding

Answer 7

flowing

Question 8

Describe arterial bleeding

Answer 8

spurting

Question 9

Define

Coagulation

Answer 9

Clotting

Should not take longer than 10 minutes

Question 10

Define

Hemophilia

Answer 10

when they lack clotting factors in blood

Question 11

Define

Epistaxis

Answer 11

nosebleed

Question 12

What is the halo test?

to find cerebral spinal fluid

Question 13

Define

Hemotoma

Answer 13

A mass of blood that has collected within damaged tissue beneath the skin or in a body cavity.

Question 14

Define

Hemoptysis

Answer 14

The coughing up of blood.

Question 15

Define

Hematemesis

Answer 15

Vomited blood.

Question 16

Define

Melena

Answer 16

Black, foul-smelling, tarry stool containing digested blood

Question 17

Define

Hematuria

Answer 17

Blood in urine

Question 18

Define

Contusion (Ecchymosis)

Answer 18

Bruising

Question 19

What is the first step in stopping the bleed?

Answer 19

Apply direct pressure with gloved hand or apply 4x4 gauze

Question 20

How do you treat shock?

Answer 20

• Position (Supine)
• Oxygen (High flow O2)
• Warmth
• Rapid Transport

Question 21

Define perfusion

Answer 21

Circulation of blood in adequate amounts to meet cells’ current needs for oxygen, nutrients, and waste removal

Question 22

What are the three main parts of the cardiovascular system?

Answer 22

A working pump (heart), a container (blood vessels), and fluid (oxygen-carrying blood).

Question 23

What types of medications are mentioned that can cause blood thinning and more bleeding?

Answer 23

Asprin

Question 24

What four methods are listed for controlling external bleeding, in order?

Answer 24

Direct pressure, pressure dressing, tourniquet, splinting device.

Question 25

What serious injury might bleeding from the nose, ears, or mouth result from?

Answer 25

A skull fracture.

Question 26

Besides skull fracture, what other causes of bleeding from the nose/ears/mouth are mentioned?

Answer 26

High blood pressure and serious infection.

Question 27

Bleeding around the face always presents a risk for what two issues?

Answer 27

Airway obstruction and aspiration.

Question 28

If there is bleeding around the face, how should you manage the airway?

Answer 28

Maintain a clear airway by positioning, suctioning, and using an airway adjunct if needed

Question 29

If bleeding is present at the nose and a skull fracture is suspected, how should you manage the bleeding?

Answer 29

Place a gauze pad loosely under the nose.

Question 30

If bleeding is present from the nose and a skull fracture is NOT suspected, what is the initial management step listed?

Answer 30

Have the patient lean forward and pinch the nostrils together for 10 minutes

Question 31

What should be done promptly for patients with suspected internal bleeding or significant external bleeding?

Answer 31

Transport them

Question 32

With a significant MOI or suspected abdominal pain, what signs/symptoms might indicate internal bleeding?

Answer 32

Bruising or complaints of difficulty breathing or abdominal pain.

Question 33

Name some specific signs and symptoms of internal bleeding listed.

Answer 33

Vomiting blood (hematemesis), black tarry stools (melena), coughing up blood (hemoptysis), painful/distended abdomen, and broken ribs

Question 34

How quickly do signs and symptoms of internal bleeding often appear?

Answer 34

They are often slow to appear.

Question 35

How often should you assess an unstable patient?

Answer 35

Every 5 minutes

Question 36

How often should you assess a stable patient?

Answer 36

Every 15 minutes

Question 37

# Define Artery

Answer 37

A blood vessel, consisting of three layers of tissue and smooth muscle, that carries blood away from the heart.

Question 38

# Define Coagulation

Answer 38

The formation of clots to plug openings in injured blood vessels and stop blood flow.

Question 39

# Define Hemostatic dressing

Answer 39

A dressing impregnated with a chemical compound that slows or stops bleeding by assisting with clot formation

Question 40

# Define Hypovolemic shock

Answer 40

A condition in which low blood volume, due to massive internal or external bleeding or extensive loss of body water, results in inadequate perfusion.

Question 41

# Define open-book pelvic fracture

Answer 41

A life-threatening fracture of the pelvis caused by a force that displaces one or both sides of the pelvis laterally and posteriorly

Question 42

# Define Pelvic binder

Answer 42

A device to splint the bony pelvis to reduce hemorrhage from bone ends, venous disruption, and pain

Question 43

# Define Shock

Answer 43

A condition in which the circulatory system fails to provide sufficient circulation to maintain normal cellular functions; also called hypoperfusion

Question 44

# Define Tourniquet

Answer 44

The bleeding control method used when a wound continues to bleed despite the use of direct pressure; useful if a patient is bleeding severely from a partial or complete amputation