Respiratory Medicine for Dental Students Flashcards
What are some clinical signs of respiratory problems?
RR breathing sounds cough colour of mucous membranes appearance of mouth and pharynx finger clubbing leg oedema
What is sinusitis?
Infection of the paranasal sinuses
What bacteria cause sinusitis?
H.influenzae
S. pneumoniae
What are the signs of sinusitis?
Frontal headache
Facial pain
Nasal discharge
What is the treatment for sinusitis?
antibiotics
What are the complications associated with sinusitis?
Cerebral abscess
What is Quinsy?
Peritonsillar abscess.
A complication of acute tonsillitis
What causes quinsy?
Streptococcus
What are the signs for quinsy?
Pus around the outside of the tonsil
What is trismus?
Motor disturbance of the trigeminal nerve
Spasm of the masticatory muscles with difficulty in opening the mouth
What is the treatment for a peritonsillar abscess?
Penicillin
Drainage
Tonsillectomy
What is epiglottitis?
Acute inflammation in the supraglottic region of the oro - pharynx
Common in children 1 - 5 yrs
What causes epiglottitis?
H. influenzae
S. pneumoniae
What is the treatment for epiglottitis?
Secure airway
02
antibiotics
What is stridor?
A high pitched sound resulting from turbulent air flow in the upper airway
Inspiratory, expiratory or both
What is pneumonia?
Inflammation of the lung parenchyma, usually caused by infection
Acute illness
Cough, fever, pain
What organisms cause pneumonia?
S. pneumoniae
H. influenzae
Influenza A, B
S. aureus
How do you assess severity of a respiratory problem?
CURB 65 confusion urea RR over 30 BP high 65 yrs and over Score = 0-1 - low risk, 2+ high risk
How do you treat pneumonia?
Antibiotics
02
fluids
analgesia
What are the complications associated with pneumonia?
resp failure multiple organ failure DVT/ PE lung abscess empyema bronchiectasis
What is asthma?
Reversible, variable, inflammatory, hyperactive reaction
What are the symptoms of asthma?
wheeze SOB tight chest cough Tend to be worse at night, in cold, after exercise
What is COPD?
Irreversible inflammatory progressive airway obstruction
What are the symptoms of COPD?
SOB cough sputum muscle wasting weight loss fatigue resp failure
What are the signs of COPD?
pursed lips high RR cyanosis barrel chest use of accessory muscles to breath ankle swelling
