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FM1030 Physiology > Respiratory Mechanics > Flashcards

Respiratory Mechanics Flashcards

1
Q

What is airflow driven by?

A

Pressure gradient

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2
Q

What is the relationship between flow and pressure difference?

A

They’re directly proportional

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3
Q

What is the relationship between the pressure difference and resistance in airways?

A

Inversely propotional

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4
Q

What are the sources of respiratory resistance?

A

Tissue resistance
FRICTIONAL RESISTANCE TO FLOW OF AIR THROUGH AIRWAYS

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5
Q

What factors affect airflow resistance?

A

Airway calibre - internal diameter
Airway profile
Airway generation
Lung volume

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6
Q

What is airway calibre modulated by?

A

ANS
Decreased by bronchoconstriction and secretions
Increased by Beta2 adrenergic

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7
Q

What is laminar flow?

A

Orderly, low resistance, low flow rate

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8
Q

What is turbulent flow?

A

Disorganised, high resistance, high flow rate

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9
Q

What is laminar flow directly proportional to?

A

ΔP/R

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10
Q

What is Poiseuille’s Law?

A

If radius is halved, resistance is upped by 16
1/r^4

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11
Q

What is turbulent flow directly proportional to? What does this mean for turbulent flow?

A

V^2 = ΔP
Higher pressure needed to drive flow

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12
Q

What determines the type of flow present?

A

Reynold’s number
>2000=turbulent flow

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13
Q

When is turbulent flow likely?

A

High density gas
Large flow & radius
Low viscosity

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14
Q

What flow is found in both large and small airways respectively?

A

Turbulent, laminar

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15
Q

Where is a major site of resistance?

A

Medium bronchi

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16
Q

Why is this location a major site of resistance?

A

Short length
Frequent branching with extreme turbulence
Airways have parallel layouts

17
Q

What is the parenchyma?

A

Connective tissue surrounding airways of the lung

18
Q

During quiet breathing, when is resistance increased and decreased?

A

Increased during expiration
Decreased during inspiration

19
Q

Why does resistance increase during expiration?

A

Outward tethering force diminishes
Inward elastic recoil forces increase which decrease the radius

FM1030 Physiology (10 decks)

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