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FM1030 Physiology > Pulmonary Circulation > Flashcards

Pulmonary Circulation Flashcards

1
Q

Is pulmonary circulation compliant?

A

Highly so

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2
Q

What does the pulmonary circulation contain?

A

Fibrinolytic system

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3
Q

What does the pulmonary circulation also function as?

A

Blood reserve
Renin-angiotensin system

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4
Q

How many bronchial arteries do we have?

A

2 for left lung
1 for right lung

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5
Q

What do bronchial arteries deliver blood to?

A

Connective supportive tissue
Septa
Bronchioles
Large blood vessels

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6
Q

What is lung perfusion?

A

Amount of blood flow to the alveoli

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7
Q

What is the systolic pressure through the pulmonary circulation?

A

25mmHg

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8
Q

What vessels are associated with respiratory bronchioles?

A

Intra-acinar vessels

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9
Q

Are pulmonary or systemic arteries more compliant?

A

Pulmonary

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10
Q

What is necessary for gas exchange?

A

Ventilation and perfusion

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11
Q

What occurs when there is perfusion without ventilation?

A

Physiological shunt

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12
Q

What occurs when there is ventilation without perfusion?

A

Physiological deadspace

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13
Q

Where is the greatest pressure in the lung?

A

The more superior part

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14
Q

When is the pulmonary vascular bed not perfused?

A

Resting cardiac output

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15
Q

What happens between the pulmonary and systemic circulations when an individual changes from a supine to erect position?

A

Around 400ml of blood is transferred to systemic circulation

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16
Q

Where do bronchial veins drain to?

A

Right side of the heart

17
Q

Where do bronchopulmonary veins drain to?

A

Left side of the heart

18
Q

What is the pressure gradient driving flow through pulmonary circulation in mmHg?

A

7mmHg

19
Q

What intrinsic tendency do pulmonary veins have?

A

To collapse

20
Q

How are veins opened in pulmonary circulation?

A

Pulled open by traction by parenchyma

21
Q

What happens to pulmonary capillaries when the lung inflates?

A

Diameter of capillaries decrease

22
Q

Where are extra-alveolar vessels found?

A

Tethered to parenchyma

23
Q

What name is given to blood flow in pulmonary capillaries?

A

Sheet action

24
Q

What is the diameter of the capillaries and their blood flow dependent on?

A

The relationship between blood pressure and alveolar pressure

25
Q

Why is there lower resistance in pulmonary arteries than systemic ones?

A

Vessels have relaxed smooth muscle
When blood flow increases, resistance decreases
Influence of lung expansion

26
Q

When is there increased resistance in pulmonary vessels?

A

At both high and low volumes

27
Q

When is there the least resistance in pulmonary vessels?

A

At the point of FRC

28
Q

What is the flux of fluid determined by?

A

Capillary hydrostatic
Tissue hydrostatic
Capillary oncotic
Tissue oncotic pressures

29
Q

What in pulmonary oedema?

A

Build up of water in interstitium/alveolus

30
Q

What does pulmonary oedema ultimately result in?

A

No gas exchange

31
Q

What does a fibrinolytic system do?

A

Remove clotting factors

FM1030 Physiology (10 decks)

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