Respiratory Lecture

Question 1

What is going on in a person who has asthma? What happens in those airways? ___________

Answer 1

Constriction

Question 2

Airways are inflamed and sounds like WHEEZING. With asthma it may be chronic overtime but it may be an acute exacerbation if someone is having an asthma attack which may be triggered by allergens a whole number of things and that looks different and its going to sound a little different in the sense of an acute versus chronic problem and how we manage it

Question 3

COPD–>Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease….with obstruction there is something in there…likely that lung function is NOT going to improve

Question 4

A lot of damage that’s done isn’t reversible so as a result of that…obviously the treatments are different…your talking about damage to the lungs that may or may not be reversible depending on where they are at in their condition and with COPD the goal is really to decrease the progression of that condition

Question 5

Now we have different kinds of chronic lung disease that we classify them as known as bronchitis known as blue bloaters and then we also have emphysema also known as pink puffers

Question 6

Cyanosis is a blue, _______ color

Answer 6

Grey

Question 7

___________=there is cyanosis, peridermal, elevated hemoglobin

Answer 7

Chronic bronchitis

Question 8

Cyanosis is lack of oxygen so the body’s compensation for that is to produce more red blood cells, more red blood cells carry more oxygen and then we have a greater ability to provide oxygen to the cells that we need

Question 9

___________ also known as pink puffers there is permanent destruction of those airways and those air spaces and you think see this in older folks and they are typically thinner. The chest is relatively quiet because they are not moving a ton of air. You can see on an xray here the diaphragm is suppose to have a really nice arch so that when you inhale it expands but here they are flattened so you are not getting much expansion

Answer 9

Emphysema

Question 10

___________= shortness of breath

Answer 10

Dyspnea

Question 11

Shortness of breath in someone who has COPD maybe a daily occurrence and maybe related to their inhalers and how well they are using them…there stamina and physical activity so sort of tolerance maybe somewhat limited

Question 12

In heart failure you may have someone who has shortness of breath or not depending on if they are in exacerbation.

Question 13

If you have someone whose well managed in heart failure they don’t have any trouble breathing they don’t have any shortness of breath but after thanksgiving dinner when they have a bunch of Turkey and some mashed potatoes that have a ton of salt in it and your retaining water you may have more trouble breathing.

Heart failure is really related to the management of.

Question 14

Is there shortness of breath w/ pneumonia?_________you will see shortness of breath in pneumonia because you have an infection of lungs

Answer 14

YES

Question 15

Is there a cough in COPD? _______chronic dry cough you trying to get air in

Answer 15

Yes

Question 16

Heart failure is typically could be wet or dry cough

Question 17

Pneumonia is typically producing some sort of sputum or discharge…its typically wet. Let’s talk about sputum so you cough anything up in pneumonia it could be a variety of colors.

Question 18

Does color indicate infection? NO!…It could be anywhere from yellow to green or brown.If there is some blood in it, it might have a brown or a red tinge to it. It doesn’t really indicate what type of infection or infection itself because you could be coughing something up from a cold we have all had a common cold that’s mucousy but that doesn’t mean you have pneumonia

Question 19

In heart failure, sputum is more frothy and its NOT COLORED OR THICK,its just a lot saliva that’s bubbly frothy ish and COPD is typically a dry cough although if you have bronchitis on top of that it could be wet

Question 20

Why do we care about a fever what is that going to point us toward? An _________! (that could be pneumonia, the flu)

Answer 20

infection