Cardiac Exam lecture 4

Question 1

S3 and S4 are the murmurs…if you have more volume on board or that heart is not able to contract all of that blood through those valves maybe that left ventricle or right ventricle is not as elastic as it needs to be and all that blood doesn’t come out so there’s some left in there well your going to hear that…if you already have some blood coming in and more is coming in that ventricular filling is more than it can handle and you hear that extra sound

Question 1

S3 is heard after _________

Answer 1

S2

Question 2

S4 is heard before _________

Answer 2

S1

Question 3

Don’t need stethoscope for S3 and S4 on SIM man because the SIM man is so loud

Question 4

Pericardial membrane is lining outside of the heart gets inflamed there’s fluid around it and that’s wha you hear is a friction rub can it can be due to an infection,drugs (won’t be asked pericardial rubs professor said just need to be aware)

Question 5

Extra volume your going to have an S3

Question 6

_________ can happen in regurgitation if those valves aren’t closing and there’s blood that’s coming back through your going to hear that extra volume and that swishing and that’s an extra heart sound to put it simply

Answer 6

Murmurs

Question 7

When your reading a chart on a cardiac service they will describe the murmurs either an S3 as a grade 4 so its really loud or an S3 as a gray 1

Question 8

SIM is a grade 6…you can hear him without a stethoscope…1 is really faint and 6 is super loud

Question 9

____________ have ulcers,its painful, and upon elevation it hurts because if you think about arterial insufficiency your artery is much smaller than your vein so if you have trouble with blood flowing through smaller tube that’s going to hurt when you try an elevate and get that blood to circulate back that causes pain…the color is pinkish tone to it

Answer 9

Arterial insufficiency

Question 10

______________ you see bluish grayish almost blackish,purplish, doesn’t hurt, elevation is actually going to help decrease that swelling

Answer 10

Venous insufficiency

Question 11

When we are inspecting for vascular exam we are looking at the color of it and we are looking for dryness and we are looking for hair..what does hair need to grow?_________

Answer 11

Blood flow

Question 12

If you don’t have blood flow there isn’t going to be hair

Question 13

Poor nail growth there is less _____________…your toes and feet are the farthest part from the heart so if you have insuffiency venous or arterial and your not getting blood flow then the nails aren’t going to grow..the hair isn’t going to grow

Answer 13

circulation

Question 14

Ulcers stay because the blood isn’t flowing for it to heal that’s why you see people with diabetes w/amputations they can’t get the blood flow there to heal it you can’t get the blood flow there to get the drugs there to heal it hence you get an amputated toe

Question 15

Part of palpation there is warmth so temperature if there is good blood flow what is it going to feel it? Nice and ______

Answer 15

warm

Question 16

Grading a pulse which is different than measuring a pulse

Question 17

Grading is how strong is that pulse so a normal pulse is a _______

Answer 17

2+

Question 18

0 means you can’t feel the pulse its absent so maybe there is no blood flow or less blood flow there is some or maybe you just can’t find it

Question 19

If we are doing dorsalis pedis which is in the foot…if I’m just standing here and you take my pulse…my dorsalis pedis is it going to be stronger here or stronger here? On the ground so when your sitting in a chair and you have your partners foot in front of you trying to feel a dorsalis pedis and you can’t find it put it on the ground lets get some circulation