Respiratory (Lab Practical) Flashcards
Respiration is____.
gas exchange
The function of the respiratory systems is:
cellular respiration
C6H12O6+O2 produces:
CO2 + H2O + ATP
Anatomy of respiration:
nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchioles, alveoli
What is the basic structural and functional unit of the lungs?
alveoli
What are the three processes for respiration?
pulmonary ventilation, external respiration, internal respiration
Gas exchange between the atmosphere and the alveoli:
pulmonary ventilation
Gas exchange between alveoli and blood:
external respiration
Exchange between blood and tissues:
internal respiration
Term for the absorption of oxygen and the release of carbon dioxide as it meets the respiratory demands of cells:
internal respiration
Gases always move from and area of ____ pressure to an area of ___ pressure.
high; low (provides energy for gasses to move)
To get O2 in the lungs the atmosphere has to have ____ pressure and the lungs have to have ____ pressure.
high; low (reverse for expiration)
The pressure of a given quantity of gas is inversely proportional to its volume (assuming constant temperature).
Boyle’s law
Decreasing volume will ____ pressure.
increase (Boyle’s Law)
Increasing volume will ____ pressure
decrease (Boyle’s Law)
To create low pressure in the lungs you have to _____ volume.
increase
The circumference of the chest increases as the _____ contracts.
external intercostals
The height of the thoracic cavity is increases as the _____ contracts.
diaphragm
The contraction of the____ and ____ allow the lungs to expand which increase its ____ which decreases its _____.
external intercostals; diaphragm; volume; pressure
Measure of stretchability or flexibility of the lungs:
compliance
Low compliance means:
lungs can’t expand so the volume of the lungs can’t increase
Term for the size of the airway lumen getting smaller which decreases amount of air taken in from the atmosphere (swelling of trachea or bronchitis, etc.):
resistance
Airway resistance should be kept as low as possible. Disorder that increases resistance:
asthma
Order of respiration processes:
pulmonary ventilation, external respiration, internal respiration
Test performed to see how well the lungs are working:
pulmonary function test (PFT)
Accuracy of capacity is determined by the accuracy of ____.
volume
Amount of air pulled into and out of the lung during normal breathing:
tidal volume
Normal tidal volume:
500mL of air (at minimum)
What amount of tidal volume makes it to the lungs?
about 300mL
Term for the amount of extra air inhaled above tidal volume:
inspiratory reserve volume
What is the term for the amount of air you can voluntarily EXPEL after you have completed a normal, quiet respiratory cycle?
expiratory reserve volume
What is the term for the air left in the lungs following expiration?
residual volume (keeps lungs open for next inhalation)
Measurement of tidal volume + inspiratory reserve volume + expiratory reserve volume + residual volume =
vital capacity
Term for the total volume of your lungs:
total lung capacity
Maximum amount of air you can inhale (O2), followed by the maximum amount of air you can exhale (CO2):
vital capacity
Vital capacity ____ as you get older.
decreases
