Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy and Physiology > Fluid, Electrolyte, pH (Lab Practical) > Flashcards

Fluid, Electrolyte, pH (Lab Practical) Flashcards

1
Q

Process in maintaining our body fluids in order for our body to function well.

A

Homeostasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the internal environment of the body:

A

body fluids: physical and chemical properties

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Properties of fluids:

A

temperature, blood pH, blood sugar, water balance, blood pressure, ion balance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

The fluid component of the body includes:

A

solids, fluids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

The majority of the body’s mass is:

A

fluids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Fluids include:

A

intracellular fluid, extracellular fluid, interstitial fluid, blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Body fluid compartments:

A

intracellular, extracellular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Total Body Water component is about:

A

42L

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

2/3 body fluid is ____ the cells.

A

inside

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What separates the different types of fluids?

A

membranes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What separates the ICF from ECF?

A

cell membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What separates interstitial fluid from blood plasma?

A

wall of blood vessels (mainly capillaries)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Membranes carry out the function of:

A

selective permeability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Term for ability to control and regulate the movement of substances from one area to another:

A

selective permeability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

First space:

A

intravascular space (in blood)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Second space:

A

interstitial space

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Third space:

A

fluid in pleural cavity, peritoneal, pleural, thoracic cavity (not normal–do not want fluids to build up in these cavities)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Chief component of all body fluids:

A

water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Water is essential in maintaining:

A

form and texture of tissue, maintaining body heat, transport medium for vitamins, enzymes, electrolytes, hormones, etc.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the default because of what we need to do to maintain homeostasis?

A

dehydration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Water loss mainly occurs in the:

A

kidneys (have to get rid of metabolic wastes)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Water loss from the kidneys, lungs, skin, GI tract, is called:

A

obligatory water loss

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Water loss occurs in the (from least to greatest in volume):

A

GI tract, lungs, skin, kidneys

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Water gains rely on triggering a ____ to offset water loss. This behavior then requires a _____.

A

behavior; reflex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Water loss is countered by _____.

A

water gain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Water gain occurs with the _____ and ____.

A

digestive tract (ingested foods and liquids), metabolic water

27
Q

Water manufactured through metabolic processes:

A

metabolic water

28
Q

Water is gained through what metabolic process:

A

cellular respiration

29
Q

Water gained from the food we eat is called:

A

preformed water

30
Q

To prevent dehydration the body relies on:

A

triggering a behavior (such as getting a glass of water or eating food)

31
Q

To activate a behavior it requires a:

A

reflex

32
Q

Parts of a reflex (for dehydration)

A

stimulus (dehydration), receptor (detects change), hypothalamus, motor response (behavior)

33
Q

osmoreceptors

A

detect that fluid levels are low

34
Q

Control center in hypothalamus (for dehydration):

A

thirst center

35
Q

fluid levels are usually measured in ____ (broad term)

A

concentration

36
Q

Mass to volume relationship:

A

concentration

37
Q

When you over or under hydrate you change ____.

A

the concentration of the fluid

38
Q

What are the ions related to acids and bases:

A

H+ and OH-

39
Q

Term for a substance which when dissolved into water produces hydrogen ions:

A

acid

40
Q

Term for any substance which when dissolved into water produces hydroxide ions (OH-):

A

base

41
Q

When you maintain acid-base balance, you are also maintaining (another term):

A

pH

42
Q

Normal blood pH:

A

7.35-7.45

43
Q

blood below 7.35 on pH

A

acidosis (acid)

44
Q

blood above 7.45 on pH

A

alkalosis (base)

45
Q

Blood is slightly:

A

basic

46
Q

What disrupts blood pH?

A

eating, metabolic wastes

47
Q

Protective features in body to help maintain pH at its optimal level by addition or removal of hydrogen ions:

A

buffers

48
Q

Two types of buffer systems:

A

chemical buffer system and physiological buffer system

49
Q

First line of defense against pH shift:

A

chemical buffer system

50
Q

Second line of defense against pH shift:

A

physiological buffers

51
Q

Physiological buffers include:

A

body systems: respiratory and renal

52
Q

Chemical buffers include:

A

Carbonic acid/bicarbonate buffer system, phosphate buffer system, protein buffer system, hemoglobin buffer system

53
Q

Primary ECF buffer:

A

carbonic acid: bicarbonate buffer system

54
Q

Primary ICF buffer:

A

protein buffer system

55
Q

Primary buffer in blood:

A

hemoglobin buffer system (carbonic acid: bicarbonate system)

56
Q

Important urinary buffer (kidneys and cytoplasm of body cells)

A

phosphate buffer system

57
Q

(2nd line of defense) Lungs maintain pH by:

A

exhalation (must be volatile acid)

58
Q

Volatile acid goes from:

A

liquid to gas instantaneously

59
Q

Examples of volatile acid:

A

alcohol, acetic acid (diabetic in ketoacidosis), acetone (made in liver)

60
Q

If lungs can’t get rid of acid they get rid of more ____ as a substitute:

A

CO2 = acid

61
Q

By increasing respiration you get rid of more _____.

A

CO2

62
Q

3rd line of pH control (and main pH controlling organism):

A

kidneys (renal regulation)

63
Q

Kidneys remove acid through ____ and generate _____to neutralize acid (H+):

A

urine; bicarbonate ions

64
Q

Main pH control is regulated by:

A

kidneys/renal regulation

Anatomy and Physiology (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions