Respiratory Drugs

Question 1

Upper respiratory tract consists of

Answer 1

Nares, nasal cavity, pharynx, and larynx

Question 2

Lower respiratory tract consist of

Answer 2

Trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli, and alveolar-capillary membrane

Question 3

Is the movement of air from the atmosphere through the upper and lower aiways to the alveoli

Answer 3

Ventilation

Question 4

Is the process whereby gas exhange occurs at the alveolar-capillary membrane

Answer 4

Respiration

Question 5

Phases pf respiration

Answer 5

1. Ventilation
2. Perfusion
3. Diffusion

Question 6

Movement of molecules from higher to lower concentrations, take place when oxygen passes into the capillary bed to be circulated and carbon dioxide leaves the capillary bed and difuses into the alveli

Answer 6

Diffusion

Question 7

Is the lung volume based on the pressure in the alveoli. This volume determines the lung’s ability to stretch.

Answer 7

Lung compliance

Question 8

Factors that affect lung compliance

Answer 8

1. Connective tissue
2. Surface tension in the alveoli, which is controlled by surfactant

Question 9

Compete with histamine for receptor sites and prevent a histamine response

Answer 9

Antihistamines

Question 10

Cause drowsiness, dry mouth and other anicholinergic symtpoms, and decrease nasal itching and tickling that cause sneezing

Answer 10

First generation antihistamines

Question 11

Blocks the effects of histamine by compteting for and occupying H1 receptor sites. Sometimes used in sleep-aid products

Answer 11

First genneration Antihistamines: Dipenhydramine

Question 12

Nonsedating antihistamines that causes fewer anticholinergic symptoms.

Answer 12

Second generation antihistamines: cetirizine, fexofenadine, loratadine, and azelastine

Question 13

Stimulates the alpha-adrenergic receptors, producing vasoconstriction of the capillaries within the nasal mucosa.

Answer 13

Nasal decongestants

Question 14

Also known as alpha-adrenergic agonists. Use primarily for allergic rhinitis, including hay fever and profuse nasal discharge

Answer 14

Systemic Decongestants: ephedrine, phenylephrine, pseudoephedrine

Question 15

Effective for treating allergic rhinitis because they have an anti-inflammatory action, thus decreasing the allergic rhinitis symptoms of rhinorrhea, sneezing, and congestion.

Answer 15

Intranasal Glucocorticoids