Respiratory Disorders Flashcards
Diffusion in Alveoli
Type I Alveolar Structure
Type II
Type I Alveolar Structure
Flat squamous epithelial cells across which gas exchange takes place
Type II Alveolar Structure
Produce surfactant, a substance that decreases surface tension in alveoli and allows lungs to inflate easier
Pulmonary Edema
When heart is not able to pump blood efficiently blood backs up into the veins. As the pressure increases, fluid is pushed into the alveoli
Pneumonia
Infection in the lungs that causes the alveoli to become inflammed; alveoli become filled with pus making it difficult to breath
Capillary Membrane
Prevents air bubbles from forming in the blood and blood from entering the alveoli
Bronchial Circulation
Supplies oxygen and nutrients to the cells in the lungs
Bronchial pneumonia
Cause infection and inflammation in the alveoli
Factors that Affect Aveolar-Capillary Gas Exchange
- surface area (200-300mil)
- thickness of membrane
- partial pressure (PO2, PCO2)
- solubility and weight of gas
Tidal Volume
Amount of air that moves into and out of lungs during a normal breath
Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV)
Maximum amount of additional air that can be drawn into the lungs
Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV)
Maximum amount of additional air that can be expired by lungs
Residual Volume
Air that remains in the lungs after forced respiration
Spirometer
Apparatus that measures the amount of air inspired and expired (ventilation)
What do Spirometer’s test for?
- COPD
- asthma
- disorders affecting the lungs (interstitial pulmonary fibrosis)
