Mechanisms of Infectious Disease

Question 1

Reservoir

Answer 1

Where the infectious agent lives (person, animal, object, surface)

Question 2

Portal of Exit

Answer 2

Way disease is spread

Question 3

Transmission

Answer 3

Contact, droplet or airborne

Question 4

Portal of Entry

Answer 4

How the micro-organisms enter the host

• penetration : open skin
• direct contact : mucous membrane
• ingestion (GI absorption)
• inhalation : respiratory tract

Question 5

Virulence

Answer 5

Infectious agents that enhance their ability to cause harm

Question 6

Endemic

Answer 6

Incidence and prevalence of infectious disease is expected (eg. Flu season)

Question 7

Epidemic

Answer 7

Incidence of infectious disease increases abruptly (eg. Measles)

Question 8

Pandemic

Answer 8

Incidence of infectious disease moves beyond continental boundaries (eg. All over)

Question 9

Nosocomial

Answer 9

Hospital acquired disease

Question 10

Endogenous

Answer 10

Inside body

Question 11

Exogenous

Answer 11

Outside body

Question 12

Prodromal Stage

Answer 12

Where a person begins to feel they are sick (symptoms)

Question 13

Bacterial Pneumonia

Answer 13

Common lung infection where lung sacs become inflamed

Question 14

Super Bugs

Answer 14

Bacteria that are resistant to antibiotics

Question 15

4 phases of wound healing

Answer 15

1. Hemostasis
2. Inflammatory phase
3. Proliferative phase
4. Remodeling phase

Question 16

Hemostasis

Answer 16

Causes bleeding to stop

Involves coagulation

Question 17

Inflammatory Phase

Answer 17

Destroys bacteria and removes debris, preparing wound bed for growth of new tissue

Question 18

Proliferative Phase

Answer 18

Building new tissue with fibroblast - synthesizes and secretes collagen

Question 19

Remodelling Phase

Answer 19

Tissue is realigning with lines of stress