Mechanisms of Infectious Disease Flashcards
Reservoir
Where the infectious agent lives (person, animal, object, surface)
Portal of Exit
Way disease is spread
Transmission
Contact, droplet or airborne
Portal of Entry
How the micro-organisms enter the host
- penetration : open skin
- direct contact : mucous membrane
- ingestion (GI absorption)
- inhalation : respiratory tract
Virulence
Infectious agents that enhance their ability to cause harm
Endemic
Incidence and prevalence of infectious disease is expected (eg. Flu season)
Epidemic
Incidence of infectious disease increases abruptly (eg. Measles)
Pandemic
Incidence of infectious disease moves beyond continental boundaries (eg. All over)
Nosocomial
Hospital acquired disease
Endogenous
Inside body
Exogenous
Outside body
Prodromal Stage
Where a person begins to feel they are sick (symptoms)
Bacterial Pneumonia
Common lung infection where lung sacs become inflamed
Super Bugs
Bacteria that are resistant to antibiotics
4 phases of wound healing
- Hemostasis
- Inflammatory phase
- Proliferative phase
- Remodeling phase
Hemostasis
Causes bleeding to stop
Involves coagulation
Inflammatory Phase
Destroys bacteria and removes debris, preparing wound bed for growth of new tissue
Proliferative Phase
Building new tissue with fibroblast - synthesizes and secretes collagen
Remodelling Phase
Tissue is realigning with lines of stress
