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Year 3 > Respiratory - Breathlessness and wheeze > Flashcards

Respiratory - Breathlessness and wheeze Flashcards

1
Q

patient with breathlessness , wheeze and cough and a new onset rash after exposure to hairdye

what is the most likely diagnosis

a.asthma
b.copd
c.bronchiectasis
d.left ventricular failure
e.anyphylaxis

A

e.anyphylaxis

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2
Q

patient with wheeze, cough, breathlessness with angina, prev MI patient also has oedema
what is the most likely diagnosis

a.asthma
b.copd
c.bronchiectasis
d.left ventricular failure
e.anyphylaxis

A

d.left ventricular failure

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3
Q

what is the most common cause of wheeze, cough and breathlessness

A

copd

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4
Q

hyperinflation and flattened diaphragm on cxr is indicative of what

a.asthma
b.copd
c.bronchiectasis
d.left ventricular failure

A

b.copd

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5
Q

if FEV1:FVC ratio is <0.7 what is indicated

A

obstructive disorder

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6
Q

a ………….. in a1 antitrypsin causes neutrophil elastase to go unnopposed and the alveoli are destroyed

a.deficiency
b.overproduction

A

a.deficiency

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7
Q

FEV 1 >= 80% predicted

A

GOLD 1

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8
Q

FEV 1 50-79 % predicted

A

GOLD 2

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9
Q

FEV 1 30-49 % predicted

A

GOLD3

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10
Q

FEV 1 <30 % predicted

A

GOLD4

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11
Q

COUGH AND SPUTUM for more than ……….. months is required to diagnose bronchitus

A

3 minths

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12
Q

emphysema pathophysiology

A

destruction of alveolar walls

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13
Q

what is the first step in management of copd

a.SABA as needed
b.LABA/LAMA
c.LABA/LAMA/ICS
d.stop smoking

A

d.stop smoking

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14
Q

what is the second stage of copd management

a.SABA as needed
b.LABA/LAMA
c.LABA/LAMA/ICS
d.stop smoking

A

a.SABA as needed

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15
Q

what is the third stage of copd management

a.SABA as needed
b.LABA/LAMA
c.LABA/LAMA/ICS
d.stop smoking

A

b.LABA/LAMA

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16
Q

what is the next step in copd management after LABA/LAMA if it still affects day to day quality of life or they have 1+ exacerbation per year

a.SABA as needed
b.LABA/LAMA
c.LABA/LAMA/ICS
d.stop smoking

A

c.LABA/LAMA/ICS

as a trial for 3 months
if no improvement
back to LABA/LAMA maintainence

17
Q

asthma

A

patients present younger
variable symptoms

18
Q

asthma pathophysiology

A

inhaled allergen
immune response
airway inflammation
TH2 response
eosinophils
bronchospasm
remodelling and airway oedema

19
Q

reversibility of ….% or more or 200ml is supportive of asthma diagnosis

a.5%
b.25%
c.12%
d.10%

A

c.12%

20
Q

what is the first treatment for asthma

a.SABA
b. SABA + ICS
c. SABA+ ICS+ LABA
d.SABA + ICS (increased dose) +LABA
e.SABA +ICS (increased dose)

A

a.SABA

21
Q

what is the 2nd step for asthma treatment

a.SABA
b. SABA + ICS
c. SABA+ ICS+ LABA
d.SABA + ICS (increased dose) +LABA
e.SABA +ICS (increased dose)

A

b. SABA + ICS

22
Q

what is the 3rd step in asthma management

a.SABA
b. SABA + ICS
c. SABA+ ICS+ LABA
d.SABA + ICS (increased dose) +LABA
e.SABA +ICS (increased dose)

A

c. SABA+ ICS+ LABA

23
Q

patient on SABA,ICS and LABA for asthma . beneffiting from the addition of the LABA but still uncontrolled what should be offered next

a.SABA
b. SABA + ICS
c. SABA+ ICS+ LABA
d.SABA + ICS (increased dose) +LABA
e.SABA +ICS (increased dose)

A

d.SABA + ICS (increased dose) +LABA

24
Q

patient on SABA,ICS and LABA for asthma . no response from the addition of the LABA , still uncontrolled what should be offered next

a.SABA
b. SABA + ICS
c. SABA+ ICS+ LABA
d.SABA + ICS (increased dose) +LABA
e.SABA +ICS (increased dose)

A

e.SABA +ICS (increased dose)

25
Q

if patient on SABA, LABA and highest doses of ICS and still persistent poor control of asthma what should be offered

A

SABA, LABA , high dose ICS, and leukotriene receptor antagonist

then oral steroid tablets and specialist referral

Year 3 (25 decks)

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