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Year 3 > Cardiology - Heart Failure > Flashcards

Cardiology - Heart Failure Flashcards

1
Q

Heart Failure

A

inability of heart to maintain cardiac output to meet metabolic demands of the body

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2
Q

stroke volume

A

blood per heart beat

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3
Q

cardiac output

A

amount ejected per minute

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4
Q

ejection fraction

A

end diastolic - end systolic (stroke vol).
/ end diastolic. x100

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5
Q

preload

A

max stretch of myocytes of end diastolic

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6
Q

afterload

A

pressure ventricle contracts again

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7
Q

contractility

A

force of contraction

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8
Q

lifestyle changes for heart failure

A

decrease fluid intake
decrease salt intake
diet and excercise
cardiac rehab

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9
Q

if cardiac output decreases…

A

there is an increase in carotid sinus firing

a decrease in renal blood flow so RAAS activation

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10
Q

causes of Heart Failure

A

CAD
pericarditis
arrhythmias
aneurysm

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11
Q

3 types of HF

A

HFrEF -reduced ejection fraction
HFmrEF- moderate ejection fraction
HFpEF -preserved ejection fraction

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12
Q

which 2 heart failure types are treated the same way

A

HFrEF -reduced ejection fraction
HFmrEF- moderate ejection fraction

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13
Q

in which type of heart failure is the heart muscle dilated and cannot pump properly

A

HFrEF

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14
Q

possible causes of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction

A

MI,genetic,alcohol,chemo,infection

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15
Q

drug combination needed for HFrEF

A

ACEi/ARB
spironolactone -ald inhibitor
Beta blockers (Bisoprolol)
SGLT2 inhibitor - dapigoflozin

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16
Q

patient with HFrEF ACEi, Beta blocker and dapigoflozin and which other drug should they be in

a. furosemide
b.spironolactone

A

b.spironolactone

17
Q

drug combination needed for HFmrEF

A

spironolactone
dapigoflozin

18
Q

patient with HFrEF ACEi, Beta blocker and dapigoflozin and spironolactone after 3 months repeat echo if still reduced what should be done

A

defib/pacemaker inserted

19
Q

diagnostic investigation for heart failure

a.cxr
b.ct chest
c.ct pet
d.echo
e.ecg

A

d.echo

20
Q

left ejection fraction </= 40%

A

HFrEF -reduced ejection fraction

21
Q

left ejection fraction 41-49%

A

HFmrEF- moderate ejection fraction

22
Q

left ejection fraction >/= 50%

A

HFpEF -preserved ejection fraction

Year 3 (25 decks)

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