Respiratory

Question 1

Lung parasites that have snail as intermediate host

In cats -
In dogs and cats -

Answer 1

In cats - Aleurostrongylus abstrusus

In dogs and cats - Paragonimus kellicoti

Question 2

What is Kartagener syndrome? (4 signs)

Answer 2

Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) = Old English Sheepdog as autosomal recessive mode
situs inversus
chronic sinusitis
bronchiectasis

Question 3

What cell produces surfactants in lungs?

Answer 3

Type II pneumocytes

Question 4

What are FOUR factors that causes RIGHT shifts on oxygen dissociation curve?

Answer 4

Decreased H (increased pH)
Decreased pCO2
Decreased temperature
Decreased 2,3-DPG (diphosphoglycerate)

RIGHT shift means that unloads O2 more easily to tissues
Also PK deficiency in RIGHT shift
(FYI PFK deficiency causes decreased 2,3-DPG in LEFT shift)

Question 5

What is hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction?

Answer 5

Small arterioles in regions of hypoxia constrict thereby redirecting blood flow away from poorly ventilated areas of lungs

Question 6

What are inactivated in lungs?

Answer 6

bradykinin (80%)
serotonin (100%)
PGE2, PGF2 alpha??? (West says not affected)
leukotriens (100%)
NE (20%)
Ang I to Ang II