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Anatomy > Respiratory > Flashcards

Respiratory Flashcards

1
Q

Where does external respiration occur?

A

Lungs

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2
Q

Where does internal respiration occur?

A

All over the body in blood capillaries

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3
Q

Voice production

A

Phonation

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4
Q

The voice box

A

Larynx

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5
Q

Chest cavity

A

Thorax

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6
Q

Throat

A

Pharynx

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7
Q

Helps warm air before it reaches the lungs

A

The network of superficial blood vessels just under the nasal passages

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8
Q

Mechanisms that cools animals

A

Panting

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9
Q

Structures outside of the lungs

A

Upper respiratory tract

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10
Q

Structures within the lungs

A

Lower respiratory system

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11
Q

Wind pipe

A

Trachea

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12
Q

Nares

A

Nostrils

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13
Q

Scroll like bones covering the nasal passage tubes

A

Turbinates

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14
Q

Two types of respiration constantly going on in the body?

A

External and internal respiration

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15
Q

Two types of turbinates found in the nasal passages

A

Dorsal and ventral

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16
Q

Three main passageways of the nasal area

A

Nasal meatus

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17
Q

Other than smell, the main function of the nasal cavity

A

Condition the air that is inhaled

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18
Q

Three main conditioning performances that take place in the nasal cavity

A

Humidifying, warming and filtering

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19
Q

Sinuses

A

Paranasal sinuses

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20
Q

Each sinus is named after…?

A

The skull bone that houses it

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21
Q

Here sweep mucus through the nasal passages to pass debris

A

Cilia

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22
Q

Short irregular tube that connects the pharynx to the trachea

A

Voice box

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23
Q

Covers the opening of the larynx

A

Epiglottis

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24
Q

Vocal chords are attached to…

A

Aryentoid cartilage

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25
Q

Three main functions of the larynx

A

Voice production, prevention of foreign objects, control of airflow to and from the lungs

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26
Q

Caused by pressure behind the glottis

A

Coughing

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27
Q

The process of the larynx diving into two parts

A

Bifurcation of the Trachea

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28
Q

The lower part of the respiratory tract starts with the ____ and ends with the _____

A

Bronchi, alveoli

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29
Q

Passageways that lead from the bronchi to the alveoli are called…

A

Bronchial tree

30
Q

External respiration takes place in the..l

A

Alveoli

31
Q

Why are air passageways referred to as the bronchial tree?

A

They branch out like a tree as they divide

32
Q

The trunk of the bronchial tree represents

A

Main bronchus that enters each lung

33
Q

The leaves of the tree represent…

A

Alveoli

34
Q

Alveoli ducts are arranged like..

A

Bunches of grapes

35
Q

When does bronchodilation take place?

A

During intense exercise

36
Q

Layer of fluid that surrounds each alveolus.

A

Surfactant

37
Q

What does surfactant do?

A

Reduces surface tension of the fluid to help the alveoli from collapsing

38
Q

The disease that makes the bronchial tree overly sensitive to irritants

A

Asthma

39
Q

Three lung parts.

A

Base, apex, convex

40
Q

Area between the lungs.

A

Mediastinum

41
Q

Contains most thoracic contents

A

Mediastinum

42
Q

Well defined regions of the lungs

A

Lobes

43
Q

Two left lung lobes.

A

Caudal and cranial

44
Q

Four lobes of the right lung.

A

Caudal, cranial, middle and accessory

45
Q

A small, well defined area where blood, lymph, and nerves enter and leave the lung. Only spot fastened in place.

A

Hillus

46
Q

The one animal that has one lobe only of lung.

A

Horse

47
Q

Blood supply two and from the lungs

A

Pulmonary circulation

48
Q

The artery blood uses to enter the lungs.

A

Pulmonary

49
Q

How are fetal lungs different that out spongy lungs?

A

They are more solid like a liver

50
Q

Lower respiratory tract infection.

A

Pneumonia, bronchitis

51
Q

Chest cavity

A

Thorax

52
Q

Thin membrane that covers the thoracic cavity

A

Pleura

53
Q

Portion between the thorax and lungs

A

Mediastinum

54
Q

Pulling air into lungs

A

Inspiration

55
Q

Blowing air out

A

Expiration

56
Q

What shape is the diaphragm when relaxed.

A

Some shaped

57
Q

Spaces between the ribs.

A

Intercostal spaces

58
Q

What causes air to be pushed out?

A

Diaphram deflating

59
Q

Two types of main exhalation muscles

A

Abdominal muscles and internal intercostal muscles

60
Q

Volume of air inspired and expired in one breath

A

Tidal volume

61
Q

Amount of air inspired and expired during one minute

A

Minute volume

62
Q

A,out of air left in the lungs after maximum respiration

A

Residue volume

63
Q

What pressure funds gas exchange?

A

Diffusion of gas molecules from high concentration to low concentration

64
Q

The pressure of each individual gas

A

Partial pressure

65
Q

Also known as the respiratory center

A

Medulla

66
Q

Two main systems that control breathing.

A

Mechanical system and chemical system

67
Q

Operates through stretch receptors in the lungs that tells the maximum inhalation amount,

A

Mechanical control

68
Q

Three characteristics of chemical mechanism

A

Oxygen content, carbon dioxide content, ph

69
Q

What’s the purpose of chemical mechanism?

A

To signal the medulla to fix the ph, O2 or CO2 levels

70
Q

Parts of the upper respiratory tract

A

Nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea

Anatomy (11 decks)

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