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PPClues > Respiratory > Flashcards

Respiratory Flashcards

0
Q

What color is air on x-ray?

A

Black, radiolucent

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1
Q

What is the difference between a carotid body and a carotid sinus?

A

Carotid body: chemoreceptor

Carotid sinus: baroreceptor

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2
Q

What color is fluid /solid on x-ray?

A

White, radiopaque

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3
Q

What disease has steeple sign on x-ray?

A

Croup (measles)

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4
Q

What disease has the thumb sign on x-ray?

A

Epiglottitis

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5
Q

What is a blue bloater?

A

Bronchitis

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6
Q

What is a pink puffer?

A

Emphysema

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7
Q

What diseases have pulmonary eosinophilia?

A

Aspergillosis, Strongyloides

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8
Q

What drugs cause pulmonary eosinophilia?

A

Nitrofurantoin, Sulfonamides

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9
Q

What are the risk factors for lung cancer?

A

Smoking, Radon, 2nd hand smoke, pneumoconiosis (except anthracosis).

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10
Q

What diseases have hemoptsysis?

A

Bronchiectasis, bronchitis, pneumonia, TB, lung cancer

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11
Q

Where is Bokdalek hernia?

A

Back of the diaphragm

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12
Q

Where is a Morgagni hernia?

A

Middle of the diaphragm

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13
Q

What diseases have respiratory alkalosis?

A

Restrictive lung diseases ( anxiety, pregnancy, Gram - sepsis, PE)

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14
Q

What diseases have respiratory acidosis?

A

Obstructive lung diseases

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15
Q

What diseases have metabolic alkalosis?

A

Low volume state (vomiting, diuretics, GI blood loss).

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16
Q

What diseases have metabolic acidosis?

A

Acid production (MUDPILES, RTA II, diarrhea)

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17
Q

What does stridor tell you?

A

Extrathoracic narrowing=> narrows when breathes in=>neck x-ray.

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18
Q

What does wheezing tell you?

A

Intrathoracic narrowing=>narrows when breathe out=> chest x-ray

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19
Q

What does ronchi tell you?

A

Muchus in the airway=>obstructive lung disease

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20
Q

What does grunting tell you?

A

Blows collapsed alveoli open=>restrictive lung disease

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21
Q

What does dull percussion tell you?

A

Something between the airspace and chest wall absorbing sound (fuid or solid)

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22
Q

What does hyperresonance tell you?

A

Air in the lungs

23
Q

What does tracheal devaition tell you?

A

Away from pneumothorax or toward atelectasis “airphobia”

24
Q

What does fremitus, egophony, and brochophony tell you?

A

Consolidation =>pathognomonic for pneumonia

25
Q

What is restrictive lung disease?

A

Small sriff lungs, trouble breathing in

26
Q

What is obstructive lung disease?

A

Big mucus filled lungs, trouble breathing out

27
Q

What is epiglottitis?

A

X-ray thumb sign, drooling

28
Q

What is croup?

A

X-ray steeple sign, barking cough

29
Q

What is tracheitis?

A

Look toxic, grey pseudomembrane, leukocytosis

30
Q

What is asthma?

A

Wheeze in expiration, IgE, eosinphils

31
Q

What is bronchiolitis?

A

Asthma in kids <2 y/o.

32
Q

What is sinusitis?

A

Teeth pain worse with bending forward

33
Q

What is bronchectasis?

A

Bad breath, purulent sputum, hemoptysis

34
Q

What is bronchitis?

A

Lots of sputum, blues bloater

35
Q

What is emphysema?

A

Restrictive to obstructive pattern, pink puffer

36
Q

What is laryngomalacia?

A

Epiglittis roll from side to side

37
Q

What is pneumonia?

A

Consolidation of airway

38
Q

What is pneumothorax?

A

Decreased breaht sounds on one side

39
Q

How do you detect a pulmonary embolus?

A

Tachypnea, increased V/Q scan, EKG:S1, Q3,T3.

40
Q

What is a tamponade?

A

Decreased breath sounds /BP; increased JVD

41
Q

What is trachomalacia?

A

Soft cartilage, stridor since birth

42
Q

What is cystic fibrosis?

A

Meconium ileus, steatorrhea, bronchiectasis

43
Q

What is Aspergillosis?

A

Allergy to mold, dead plants, compost piles

44
Q

What is Asbestosis?

A

Shipyard worker, pipe fitters, brake mechanics, insulation install

45
Q

What is Silicosis?

A

Sandblasters, glassblowers

46
Q

What is Byssioniosis?

A

Cotton workers, chest tightness

47
Q

What is Beryliosis?

A

Radio, Tv welders

48
Q

What is antracosis?

A

Coal workers, massive fibrosis

49
Q

What is sarcoidosis?

A

Non-caseating granulomas, eggshell calcification of lymph nodes

50
Q

What is carcinoid syndrome?

A

Flushing, wheezing, diarrhea

51
Q

What is small cell carcinoma?

A

At carina, malignant, Cushing’s, SIADH, SVC syndrome

52
Q

What is large cell carcinoma?

A

Large stuff

53
Q

What is squamous cell carcinoma?

A

Smoker, high PTH, high Ca2+

54
Q

What is bronchoalveolar carcinoma?

A

Looks like pneumonia, due to pneumoconiosis.

PPClues (8 decks)

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