Respiratory Flashcards
In normal dogs, the nose contributes ______% of the total airway resistance during inspiration.
80%
Paper by Hostnik ET et al. (Quantification of nasal airflow resistance in English bulldogs using computed tomography and computational fluid dynamics. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2017 Sep.) –> States the nasal cavity contributes 76.5% of the total airflow resistance in non-brachycephalic dogs with the larynx and bronchi contributing 4.5% and 19%, respectively. The nasal cavity resistance increases to 80% in brachycephalic dogs.
What are bullous lesions?
Fluid-filled lesions that may be present in the lungs
Bullous lesions can indicate underlying pulmonary conditions such as carcinoma in cats.
What is a pseudocyst?
A cystic structure with no epithelial lining
Pseudocysts can be relevant in the context of lung disease.
Which breeds are overrepresented in cases related to bullous lesions?
Arctic breeds
These breeds may have a genetic predisposition to certain lung conditions.
How often are bullous structures identified on radiographs?
In 1/3 of patients
Radiographs may not always show the presence of atelectasis.
In cats, what condition are bullous structures more likely to indicate?
Pulmonary carcinoma
This highlights the importance of differential diagnosis in feline patients.
What is the sensitivity of CT for detecting bullae?
Only 50% detected
CT is used to rule out obvious lesions, but surgical exploration is still recommended if no lesions are identified.
What percentage of lung volume may be excised during a complete right pneumonectomy?
Approximately 55-60%
This procedure may lead to the utilization of previously unused lung volume.
What is the purpose of a breath hold to 20cm H2O?
To assist with identification of lung lesions
This technique can improve visualization during diagnostic procedures.
Where is the sternotomy cut made?
On the midline, leaving the xiphoid or manubrium intact
This approach improves post-operative comfort and stability.
What type of suture is recommended for closure in small dogs and cats of a sternotomy site
2-0 PDS
Different sizes of PDS are recommended based on the size of the animal.
What technique is used for closure in larger dogs for the sternotomy site?
0 PDS to 1 PDS or wired
The choice depends on personal preference and the need for a tight closure.
What does the linear stapler green 4.0 close to?
2.0mm
This refers to the size of tissue that can be approximated using this stapler.
What are the two types of pleurodesis?
Mechanical and chemical
Chemical pleurodesis can involve tetracycline, which is known to be very painful.
Pleurodesis is a medical procedure that aims to eliminate the space between the lungs and chest wall (pleural space) by causing the two layers of the pleura to stick together, preventing fluid or air buildup and recurrence of conditions like pleural effusion or pneumothorax
What was the resolution rate of spontaneous pneumothorax with medical treatment in the study by Lipscomb et al.?
0/12 had resolution
Surgery showed a resolution rate of 12/12 in the same study.
What was the recurrence rate of spontaneous pneumothorax with medical treatment according to Puerto et al.?
50%
Surgical treatment had a significantly lower recurrence rate of 3%.
What was the prognosis for cats with spontaneous pneumothorax according to Mooney et al.?
Poor prognosis
This emphasizes the need for careful management of affected feline patients.
What is the recommended oxygen flow for nasal insufflation? i
50 to 100 mL/kg/minute
