Respiratory Flashcards
What antibiotics are used to treat legionella?
Clarithromycin - macrolides
How is COPD classified alongside FEV1?
Mild = normal FEV1
Moderate = 50-70%
Severe = 30-49%
Very severe = <30%
What are the treatment options for latent TB?
3 months isoniazid with pyridoxine and rifampicin
Or - 6 months isoniazid with pyridoxine
What is egg shell calcification of lymph nodes indicative of?
Silicosis
What medication is given alongside isoniazid to reduce likelihood of side effects?
Pyridoxine
What type of lung cancer causes hyponatraemia?
Small cell - SIADH paraneoplastic
What is the treatment for cystic fibrosis patients who are homozygous for the delta F508 mutation?
Lumacftor/ivacaftor
What rheumatoid medication has lung complications?
Methotrexate - lung fibrosis
What antibiotic can cause pulmonary fibrosis?
Nitrofurantoin
What bacteria is most likely to cause pneumonia in an alcoholic?
Klebsiella pneumonia
How is legionella best diagnosed?
Urine antigen test
What PH would mean patient would benefit from non-invasive ventilation?
7.25-7.35
What is the most common organism to cause bronchiectasis?
H Influenzae
What stain is used for TB?
Ziehl-Neelsen Stain
What is the increase in FEV1and lung volume after bronchodilator therapy indicative of asthma?
12% or more and 200ml
What is the FeNO that indicates an asthma diagnosis?
40 Parts per Billion or more
What is the FEV1/FVC ratio indicative of asthma?
<70% - obstructive lung disease
What peak flow variability is diagnostic of asthma?
Variability of 20% or more
What lung cancer is associated with paraneoplastic syndrome - Cushings syndrome?
Small cell bronchial carcinoma
What is the most common cause of bronchiectasis?
H.Influenzae
What’s the frostline treatment for COPD?
SABA (Salbutamol/terbutaline) or SAMA (Ipratropium)
What test should be assessed prior to stating RIPE for TB?
Visual acuity test - ethambutol can cause optic neuritis
What lung condition is indicated in presentation with erythema nodosum and what electrolyte abnormality is seen?
Sarcoidosis - hypercalcaemia
What’s the most common ecg change in PE?
Sinus tachycardia
