Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Year 5 Medicine > Renal & Urology > Flashcards

Renal & Urology Flashcards

1
Q

What are the features of acute interstitial nephritis due to cephalosporin use?

A

Fever, eosinophilia and maculopapular rash

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What analgesia is preferred for use in renal colic?

A

Diclofenac

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What medications are causative of acute interstitial nephritis?

A

Penicillin, rifampicin, NSAIDs, allopurinol, furosemide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What medication can be given to reduce the formation of renal stones?

A

Thiazide like diuretics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What test should be performed annually to test for diabetic nephropathy?

A

Albumin:creatinine ratio in early morning specimens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the management of a renal stone >20mm?

A

Percutaneous nephrolithotomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is second line for mens urine storage/voiding problem after an alpha blocker?

A

Antimuscarinic - tolterodine or darifenacin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What medication can slow the rate of ADPCKD?

A

Tolvaptan

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the screening test for ADPCKD?

A

Abdominal US

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are muddy brown casts a sign of?

A

AKI or acute tubular necrosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are white cell casts a sign of?

A

Acute interstitial nephritis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What bacteria counts for 90% of pyelonephritis and stag horn calculi?

A

Proteus mirabilis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the most common bacteria to cause peritonitis secondary to peritoneal dialysis?

A

Coagulase-negative staphylococci - staph epidermis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is treatment for minimal change disease/nephrotic syndrome?

A

Prednisolone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What investigation is key in diagnosing early CKD?

A

Early morning urine sample for albumin:creatinine ratio

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What renal condition is frequently associated with malignancy?

A

Membranous nephropathy - most common nephrotic syndrome in adults - proteinuria, treatment with ACE or ARB

17
Q

What is the most common extra-renal manifestation of ADPKD? List order from most common to least common

A

Liver cysts - 80%
Mitral Valve prolapse - 25%
Berry Aneurysms - 16%

18
Q

What is the treatment for nephrogenic diabetes insipidus and why?

A

Nephrogenic = kidneys cant respond to vasopressin
Thiazide diuretic used as treatment

19
Q

What is the difference between IgA nephropthy and post streptococcal glomerulonephritis?

A

IgA - 1-2 days after URTI, young males, haematuria
Post strep - 1-2 weeks after URTI, proteinuria, low complement

20
Q

What are the signs of acute graft failure for kidney transplants?

A

Rising creatinine, pyuria and proteinuria
Can occur within months of transplant

21
Q

What is the most common viral infection In solid organ transplant recipients?

A

Cytomegalovirus

22
Q

What marker in the blood can show that kidney disease is chronic not acute?

A

Calcium - hypocalcaemia

23
Q

How does calcium gluconate effect K+?

A

Stabilises the myocardium - reduce likelihood of arrhythmias,
To reduce K+ use insulin/dextrose to short term shift potassium from ECF to ICF
Removal of potassium from blood - calcium resonium, loop diuretics or dialysis

24
Q

What would be expected to be seen on renal biopsy suggestive of granulomatosis with polyangitis?

A

Crescentic glomerulonephritis

25
Q

What gas result would you see with prolonged diarrhoea?

A

Metabolic acidosis with hypokalaemia

26
Q

What is an alternative to spironolactone if a patient is having troublesome gynaecomastia?

A

Epelerone

27
Q

How does anti GBM disease present?

A

Pulmonary renal syndrome
Glomerulonephritis and pulmonary haemorrhage

28
Q

What cancer is a renal transplant patient more at risk of?

A

Squamous cell carcinoma of the skin

29
Q

How does minimal change nephrotic syndrome present and what blood markers may be seen?

A

History of a cold prior.
Facial swelling, proteinuria
Low albumin
High triglycerides

Year 5 Medicine (17 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions