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STEP1 > Respiratory > Flashcards

Respiratory Flashcards

1
Q

Obstructive

A

FEV1/FVC Decreases

TLC Increases

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2
Q

Restrictive

A

FEV1/FVC Increases

TLC Decreases

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3
Q

Panacinar Emphysema

A

Lower Lobe - less common

A1AT Deficiency

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4
Q

Centriacinar Emphysema

A

Upper Lobe - more common

Smoking

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5
Q

Asthma

A

Type 1

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6
Q

Deadspace

A

V/Q Mismatch

Ventilation no Perfusion

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7
Q

Shunt

A

V/Q Mismatch

Perfusion no Ventilation

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8
Q

Lobar Pneumonia

A

S. Pneumonia and Klebsiella
SERIOUSLY Pneumonia KILLS
Full Consolidation - Alveoli

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9
Q

Bronchopneumonia

A

Staph Aureus, H Flu, Pseudomnoas, Moraxella, Legionella

Brionchioles Consolidation

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10
Q

Interstitial (atypical) Pneumonia

A 
Mycoplasma
Chlamydia
RSV
CMV
Influenza
Coxiella
MORE UPPER AIRWAY
Rarely Consolidation
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11
Q

TB

A

Upper Lobe
Caseating Granuloma
Cavitations

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12
Q

ARDS

A

Sepsis

Hyaline Membrane

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13
Q

Central Cancers and Smokers

A

Start with S, deals with smoking
Squamous
SMall

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14
Q

Small Cell Carcinoma

A

Neuroendocrine Kulchitsky cells
Male Smokers
Central
Eaton-Lambert

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15
Q

Squamous Cell

A

Kerating Pearls/intercellular Bridges
Pthrp = hypercalcemia
MALE SMOKERS

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16
Q

Adenocarcinoma

A

Glands/mucin
peripheral
nonsmokers/FEMALE SMOKERS
coin lession

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17
Q

Kartagener Syndrome

A

Defect in cilia, dyenin protein

Bronchiectasis

18
Q

Neonatal Resipiratory Distress Syndrome

A

No surfactant
L/S Ratio
Steroids Increase Surfactant
Insulin Decreases Surfactant

19
Q

Non-Caseating Granuloma

A

Sarcdosis
Berillyum
better safe

20
Q

Abestos

A

From the roof affects the base

21
Q

Silica and Coal

A

From the base(earth) affects the roof

22
Q

Curschmann Spirals

A

Asthma is a CURSE

epithelium from mucus plug

23
Q

Charcot-Leyden Crystals

A

Asthma is a CURSE LEYDEN

Breakdown of eosinophils in sputum

24
Q

Lamellar Bodies

A

Surfactant

SURF LA BODY

25
Q

Pneumocytes

A

Type 1 - squamous

type 2 - cuboidal

26
Q

Epithelium

A

Pseudostratified Ciliated Columnar until terminal bronchioles then becomes Ciliated Cuboidal

27
Q

Aspirations

A

Upright - lower portion of right inferior

Supine - superior portion of inferior lobe right

28
Q

Phrenic Nerve

A

C3,4,5

reffered pain to shoulder or trapezius ridge

29
Q

Lung Volume

A 
LITER
LUNG
IRV
TV
ERV
RV
30
Q

Normal A-a Gradient Hypoxemia

A

High Altitude

Hypoventilation

31
Q

High A-a Gradient Hypoxemia

A

Anything that affects diffusion
V/Q mismatch
diffusion limitation
right to left shunt

32
Q

Lobar Pneumonia

A

Strep Pneumonaie
Legionella
Klebsiella

33
Q

Bronchopneumonia

A

S. Aureus
H. Flu
Klebsiella

34
Q

Interstitial

A 
influenza
rsv
adenoviruses
myco
legionella
chlamydia
35
Q

Asbestosis

A

Ferruginous bodies - dumbbells

36
Q

Slica

A

TB

37
Q

Beryullium

A

sarcoid

38
Q

Transudate

A

Low protein, low ldh, low cholesterol

high albumin

39
Q

Exudate

A

High Protein, High LDH, High Cholesterol

low albumin

40
Q

Inappropriate absolute PV

A

Renal Cell
Wilms
Hepatocellular
hydroneprhosis

STEP1 (21 decks)

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