Respiratory Flashcards
list
Upper respiratory track
nose, pharynx, larynx
… made of
nose
turbinates and sinuses
what do … do, and list the sinuses
sinuses
mositen and warm air
lighten skull
ethmoid, sphenoid, frontal, and maxilary
…made of
Pharynx
nasopharynx, oropharynx, & laryngopharynx
list
unparied cartilage
thyroid cartilage, cricoid, epilottis
list
paired cartilage
arytenoid, corniculate, cuneiform
true or false and what do they do
vocal folds
true vocal cords - produce sound
true or false and what do they do
vestibular folds
false, help cover the glottis
what is it made of and what does it do
trachea
consists of carlaginist rings, and brings air into lungs
carina of trachea
where the trachea bifricates (splits) into bronchi in the lungs
where do they enter and what happens to them when they do
primary bronchi
go into hilum of the lungs and then bifricated into secondary bronchi
how many in each lung? and what happens to them in the lungs
secondary bronchi
2 in the left lunch, 3 in the right lung, all bifircated into tertiary bronchi
cardiac notch
a divit in the left lung that allows space for the heart
how many lobes are in each lung (name them) and why
the right lung has 3 lobes -superior, middle, and inferior lobe - and the left had 2 - superior and inferior lobe- because the cardiac notch takes up too much room for there to be three lobes in the left lung
bifricated into…
tertiary bronchi
bifricated into many terminal/respiratory bronchioles
terminal/respiratory bronchioles
feed alveoli
alveoli
where gas exchange occurs
inhalation
breathing in
phrenic nerve
causes diaphragm to move inferior
(Inhalation) as thoratic cavity volume increases…
pressure decreases
boyle’s law
intrapulmonary pressure is now less than atmospheric pressure - so air wants to flow into the lungs
Exhalation (passive)
breathing out
(exhalation)throatic volume decreases
pressure increases
Boyle’s law
intrapulmonary pressure is now greater than atmospheric pressure - so air wants to flow out of the lungs
during inhilation ribs move…
lateraly (bucket handle) and anterior to posterior (pump handle)
parietal pleura
outer serous membrane of the lung
viseral pleura
inner serous memebrane of the lung
pleura cavity
space between serous membranes
external respiration (lung/haldane)
O2 diffuses from alveoli into capillaries
CO2 diffuses from capillaries into alveoli
internal Respiration (tissue/Bohr)
O2 diffuses from capillaries into tissue cells
CO2 diffuses from tissue cells into capillaries
Bohr Effect
CO2 + H2O form carbonic Acid
-this dissociates into H+ & HCO3-
-the H+ increases the acidity of the blood causing oxygen to diassociate from hemoglobin
less CO2 less acidic
goal is to produce H+ ions to get oxygen
Haldane Effect
in lungs
-inhaled oxygen binds to Hb, which releases H+
-carbonica anhydrase reaction now goes in rever forming CO2 to be exhaled
more CO2 is more acidic
goal is to produce CO2
