Endocrine System Flashcards
…produce?
glands
hormones
what are…?
hormones
chemical messengers that create an effect at the cellular level
what are the …?
endocrine glands
pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, thymus, and pineal
what does this mean?
Hypothalamus, pituitary, adrenal axis
hypothalamus stimulates anterior pituitary, which stimulates adrenal glands etc…
are… water or lipid soluble, and how do they effect the cell?
steroids
-lipid soluble
-can enter cell through membrane and go directly to nucleus for protein synthesis
-estrogen, progesterone, testosterone, aldosterone, cortisol
are… water or lipid soluble, and how do they effect the cell?
Amino Acid
-water soluble
-cannot directly enter cell
-activate secondary messenger system at cell membrane changing intracellular environment
Parts of the …?
Pituitary gland
anterior and posterior
what does …?
hypothalamus produces
releasing hormones
what are the…?
posterior pituitary hormones
oxytocin and antidiuretic
what does … do?
oxytocin
uterine contractions and milk release
what does … do?
antidiuretic hormone
increases fluid retention in kidneys; preventing dehydration
what are the…?
anterior pituitary hormones
growth hormone, prolactin, thyroid stimulating hormone, adrenocorticotropic hormone, luteinizing hormone, follicle stimulating hormone
what does … do?
Growth hormone (GH)
increased musculoskeletal growth
what does … do?
prolactin
milk production
what does … do?
thyroid stimulating hormone(TSH)
causes thyroid to produce T4 (thyroxine)
-thyroxine must be converted into T3 (triiodothyronine)
-increases metabolism in the body & other functions
What are symptoms of…?
hypothyroidism
weight gain, sluggish, cold intolerance, etc.
What are symptoms of…?
hyperthyroidism
weight loss, heat intolerance
what does … do?
Adrenocorticotropic hormone(ACTH)
causes adrenal cortex to make cortisol - increases blood sugar & has anti-inflammatory effects
what does … do?
luteinizing hormone (LH)
males causes the production of testosterone
females causes the production of estrogen/progesterone and process of ovulation
what does … do?
Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH)
males causes sperm production
females causes ovum development
what are…?
parathyroid hormones
parathyroid hormone
what is…?
parathyroid hormone (PTH)
where?
increases blood calcium
-absorbes calcium from GI
-reabsorbes calcium in Kidney
-leaches calcium from Bones
What does the … produce? (endocrine system)
Pancrease
Gulcagon and Insulin
what does… do? … is produced by…?
Glucagon
increase blood sugar(glycogenolysis)
alpha cells
