Respiratory Flashcards
The openings of the nose
Nares ( nostrils)
The three projections arising from the lateral walls of each nasal cavity
Conchae
The specific name for the voice box
Larynx
The leaf-shaped structure that helps to prevent the entrance of food into the trachea.
Epiglottis
One of the two branches formed by division of the trachea
Main stem bronchus
The pleural layer attached to the lung
Visceral
The area below the nasal cavities that is common to both the digestive and respiratory systems
Pharynx
A small air-conducting tube containing a smooth muscle layer but little or no cartilage
Bronchiole
There are three of these in the right lung but only two in the left lung
Lobes - Lobar bronchus
The space between the vocal folds
Glottis
The substance in the fluid lining the alveoli that prevents their collapse
Surfactant
The phase of pulmonary ventilation in which air is expelled from the alveoli
Exhalation
The phase of pulmonary ventilation in which the diaphragm contracts
Inhalation
Subsets of these muscles can either increase or decrease the size of the thoracic cavity
Intercostals
The only respiratory structures involved in external gas exchange
Alveoli
The amount of air inhaled or exhaled during a relaxed breath
Tidal volume
The ease with which the lungs and thorax can be expanded
Compliance
The maximum volume of air that can be inhaled after maximum expiration
Vital capacity
The location of the main breathing control center
Medulla
A rise in the blood carbon dioxide level
Hypercapnia
The location of a peripheral chemoreceptor
Aortic arch
The substance that is directly sensed by the central chemoreceptors
Carbon dioxide
A rise in the arterial partial pressure of this gas stimulated breathing
Oxygen
The nerve that controls the diaphragm
Phrenic nerve
An effector in the feedback loop controlling arterial levels of carbon dioxide
