Respiratory Flashcards
High anion gap (metabolic acidosis) causes
DKA
lactic acidosis
aspirin overdose
renal failure
Normal anion gap (metabolic acidosis) causes
GI loss - diarrhoea, ileostomy
renal tubular disease
addison’s disease
small cell cancer paraneoplastic syndromes
cushings - ectopic ACTH
SIDAH
Lambert eaton
squamous cell cancer paraneoplastic syndrome
hypercalcaemia
Reed Sternberg cells are found in biopsy of what condition
Hodgkins lymphoma
Mycoplasma pneumonia Fx
long Hx sore throat, malaise
clear chest auscultation
CXR patchy consolidation
Lung Ca biopsy options
1st - bronchoscopy - central lesion
OR CT guided biopsy (US guided) - peripheral lesion
2nd - Thoracoscopy
Mediastinoscopy - mediastinal lymph nodes
community acquired pneumonia
causes
antibiotics (inc IECOPD)
causes - S. pneumoniae, S. aureus, H. influenza
Amoxicillin/ Erythromicin/ doxycycline
atypical pneumonia
causes
antibotics
causes - legionella, mycoplasma, chlamydophila
macrolides (erythromycin, clarithromycin)
hospital acquired pneumonia
causes
antibiotics
causes -
if <4days in hospital - S. pneumoniae, H influenzae, Moraxella Catarrhalis
>4 days in hospital - gram neg enterobacteria, s. aureus, legionella
IV Co-Amox/ Taz +Gent
Caplans syndrome Fx
pulmonary fibrosis in coal miners
associated with rheumatoid arthritis
CXR - multiple well defined nodules
Mx - steroids
Metabolic alkalosis causes
GI loss - vomit
Renal loss - diuretics, heart failure, cirrhosis, nephrotic syndrome, Conn’s
Iatrogenic - milk alkali syndrome
Q fever Sx
Cattle, sheep (farmer)
flu, muscle aches, pleuritic chest pain
Mycoplasma pneumonia complications
Cold agglutinins
haemolytic anaemia
Mx - erythromycin
Goodpastures syndrome
haemoptysis
haematuria
