Cardiology Flashcards
Heart block (severe) management
1st - atropine 500mcg up to 3mg
2nd - transcutaneous pacing
3rd - isoprenaline/ adrenaline infusion
4th - transvenous pacing (with cardio input)
Narrow complex tachycardia (SVT) Mx
if in shock - DC Cardioversion
1st - vagal manoeuvres
2nd - IV Adenosine - 6mg, 12mg, 18mg
3rd - DCCV (If severe)
3rd - rate control B block
Complete heart block post MI lesion location
right coronary artery
Chronic heart failure Mx
1st - ACEi, B Block
2nd - Aldosterone Ant (spiro)/ ARB/ Hydrazlazine + Nitrate
3rd - Digoxin/ Cardiac resynchronisation
annual influenza, stat pneumococcal
Loop diuretics eg Bumetanide SE
ototoxicity
Amlodipine SE
flushing, headache, ankle swelling
ACS Mx
Aspirin 300mg
O2 if sats <94%
Morphine for pain
Nitrates for pain
STEMI Mx
Aspirin 300mg
if <120 mins onset - Prasugrel 10mg + PCI
If >120mins - Fibrinolysis (Fondaparinux) + Ticagrelor
Angina Mx
Aspirin, Statin
GTN
1st - B Blocker or CCB (Verapamil/ Diltiazem if monotherapy)
2nd - B Blocker + CCB (Amlodipine if dual therapy)
3rd - Nitrate/ Ivabradine/ Nicorandil (Requires assessment for PCI/ CABG at this stage)
Macrolides (Azithromycin) SE
Torsade de pointes (polymorphic VT)
Prolonged QT causes
HypoCAL, hypoKAL, hypoMAG
TCA, SSRI
Erythromycin, Clarithromycin, ondansetron, haloperidol, methadone
How long to continue anticoagulation post DCCV
lifelong if high risk.
4 weeks if low (CHADVASC <2)
Infective endocarditis most common valve affected
tricuspid valve
ACEi SE
HyperKAL, dry cough
Normal ECG variants in athletes
sinus brady
junctional rhythm
first degree HB
second degree mobitz 1 (wenckebach)
