Respiratory

Question 1

nasal polyps associated with ___ and ___ ___

Answer 1

CF
ASA-intolerant asthma

Question 2

nasopharyngeal carcinoma associated with ___

Answer 2

EBV

Question 3

hoarse “barking” cough and inspiratory stridor. Dx?

Answer 3

parainfluenza virus
(laryngotracheobrochitis)

Question 4

aspiration pneumonia bacteria

Answer 4

klebsiella

Question 5

most common bacteria of secondary pneumonia

Answer 5

s aureus

Question 6

legionella

Answer 6

intracellular bacteria
water source

Question 7

second most common cause of interstitial pneumonia

Answer 7

chlamydia

Question 8

most common cause of interstitial pneumonia in infants

Answer 8

RSV

Question 9

Q fever

Answer 9

no rash
hepatitis

Question 10

where is aspiration pneumonia abscess most often found?

Answer 10

right lower lobe

Question 11

reid index

Answer 11

represents hypertrophy of bronchial mucous glands (> 50% in CB)

Question 12

disseminated TB most often involves what?

Answer 12

meninges at the base of the brain

Question 13

smokers have ___ emphysema

Answer 13

centriacinar (upper lobes)

Question 14

where is A1AT accumulate in panacinar emphysema?

Answer 14

hepatocyte ER

Question 15

panacinar emphysema mutation

Answer 15

PiZ (or PiZZ)

Question 16

what parameter is changed to create a barrel chest?

Answer 16

FRC (increased)

Question 17

pathogenesis of asthma

Answer 17

Th2 subset secrete IL-4, IL-5, IL-10

Question 18

cytokines of asthma

Answer 18

IL-4, IL-5, IL-10

Question 19

second phase of asthma

Answer 19

LTs

Question 20

last phase of asthma

Answer 20

major basic protein

Question 21

charcot-leyden crystals are comprised of what?

Answer 21

major basic protein

Question 22

restrictive disease values

Answer 22

FEV1/FEV increased
all others decreased

Question 23

where does fibrosis most often occur?

Answer 23

interstitium

Question 24

Rx that can cause fibrosis

Answer 24

bleomycin
amiodarone

Question 25

where does fibrosis begin?

Answer 25

subpleural

Question 26

coal pneumoconiosis is associated with ___

Answer 26

RA

Question 27

anthracosis is from what?

Answer 27

pollution

Question 28

silicosis increases risk for ___

Answer 28

TB (inhibits phagolysome formation)

Question 29

berylliosis creates ___ ___

Answer 29

noncaseating granulomas

Question 30

ferruginous bodies are seen in what?

Answer 30

asbestosis (long turd structures)

Question 31

asteroid body seen in what lung disease?

Answer 31

sarcoidosis

Question 32

elevated ACE hypercalcemia noncaseating granulomas Dx?

Answer 32

sarcoidosis

Question 33

granulomatous reaction with eosinophilia that subsides with removal of antigen

Answer 33

hypersensitivity pneumonitis

Question 34

plexiform lesions are seen in what?

Answer 34

pulmonary HTN

Question 35

mutation of pulmonary HTN

Answer 35

BMPR2 inactivation

Question 36

ARDS are characterized by ___ ___ formation

Answer 36

hyaline membrane

Question 37

ARDS pathogenesis

Answer 37

neutrophil-mediated protease and free radical damage to both pneumocytes

Question 38

ARDS Tx

Answer 38

PEEP (prevent collapse)

Question 39

how does ARDS resolve

Answer 39

fibrosis

Question 40

NRDS associated with what?

Answer 40

prematurity maternal diabetes c-section delivery

Question 41

how to screen for NRDS?

Answer 41

L:S ratio (> 2 WNL)

Question 42

major component of surfactant

Answer 42

phosphatidylcholine (lecithin)

Question 43

most common cancer mortality

Answer 43

lung cancer

Question 44

___ and ___ increase risk for lung cancer (in addition to smoking)

Answer 44

asbestos radon

Question 45

small cell carcinoma located ___

Answer 45

centrally (starts with S = centrally)

Question 46

adenocarcinoma located ___

Answer 46

peripherally (NOT starting with S = peripherally)

Question 47

___ of the lung produces PTHrP

Answer 47

SCC

Question 48

large cell carcinoma

Answer 48

NOT resembling small cell or adenocarcinoma

Question 49

bronchioloalveolar carcinoma associated with what cells?

Answer 49

clara cells (columnar growth in alveoli)

Question 50

breast and ___ cancers metastasize to the lungs

Answer 50

colon

Question 51

lung cancer likes to metastasize to the ___ ___

Answer 51

adrenal glands

Question 52

TNM

Answer 52

size lymph nodes metastasis

Question 53

pancoast tumor

Answer 53

located at the apex

Question 54

mesothelioma presents with what?

Answer 54

recurrent pleural effusions

Question 55

mesothelioma associated with ___ exposure

Answer 55

asbestos