Respiratory Flashcards
How do we know if treatment is successful in asthma patients?
based on how often they use their inhaler
What medication inhaler do we never prescribe by itself?
LABA
Formoterol
Salmeterol
What three things effect peak flow reading results?
Height
Age
Gender
What do you “step up” for intermittent symptoms?
ICS-LABA
What is the preferred ICS-LABA combo?
Budesonide-Formoterol
How to diagnose COPD?
FEV1/FVC ratio <0.7
What are the 2 things that make up COPD
Chronic bronchitis and emphysema
For COPD, what is group A, B, C, D?
Group A: Bronchodilator (SABA or LABA)
Group B: long acting bronchodilator (LABA or LAMA)
Group C: LAMA
Group D: LAMA or combo (LAMA-ICS)
What antibiotics do you order for pneumonia healthy outpatient adults?
Macrolide or
Amoxicillin or
Doxycycline
What antibiotics do you order for someone that has comorbidities or had antibiotics in the last 90 days?
Fluoroquinolone (Levaquin) or
Augmentin AND macrolide
What is the CURB-65 criteria for who gets admitted?
Confusion
BUN >19
Respiratory Rate
Blood Pressure
>65 years
What lab value means HIV turns into AIDS?
CD4 <200
What prophylactic antibiotic do we prescribe for peumonia prophylaxis in patients with CD4 <200
Bactrim
What is the confirmatory test for TB?
sputum cultures
What clinical findings to determine if someone has strep or mono?
Mono = splenomegaly
Strep = palantine petechiae
What antibiotic for strep?
amoxicillin
Your patient has a sandpaper rash and a terrible looking throat…they never got antibiotics…what is the rash and diagnosis?
Scarlatina rash
Untreated strep throat
What are complications of untreated strep throat?
rheumatic fever
glomerulonephritis
What antibiotic to treat a patient that has strep throat and mono at the same time?
macrolide or
cephalosporin
Why can’t we treat a patient with strep and mono at the same time with penicillin?
morbilliform rash
Giving a patient with pertussis an antibiotic does not decrease the length of their symptoms but it will reduce how contagious they are….what antibiotic do you prescribe?
Azithromycin
Your patient had an acute URI…7 to 10 days later they have a recurrence of symptoms and pain when bending over, a unilateral toothache…
Dx
Tx
Why do we need to treat?
Sinus infection
Tx: Augmentin
Trying to prevent periorbital cellulitis
What is someone with chronic nasal infections going to be at higher risk for?
nasal polyps
What’s the management plan for someone with allergic rhinitis?
Avoid triggers
1st: intra-nasal corticosteroids
2nd: antihistamine Benadryle
