Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Brain Dump > Genitourinary/Reproductive > Flashcards

Genitourinary/Reproductive Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
The Brain flashcards
1
Q

what’s a normal vaginal pH?

A

3.8 to 4.5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

When gonorrhea and chlamydia exist together, what are you going to prescribe to tx?

A

Doxycycline and Rocephin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

syphilis: symptoms
screening test
confirmatory test
Tx

A

S/s:
1st: painless canker that takes 3 to 6 weeks to go away
2nd stage: rash on palms and soles
3rd stage: neurosyphilis

Screening: RPR
Confirmatory: FTA-ABS

Treat: PCN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are 2 diseases where we will see a rash on the palms and soles?

A

rocky mountain spotted fever
2nd stage of syphilis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What method of contraception increases the risk for osteoporosis?

A

Depo-Provera

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What supplements would you give someone that’s using Depo-Provera?

When should you stop it?

A

Ca and Vit D to prevent osteoporosis

After 5 years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What combination contraception open has the highest risk of blood clot?

A

ortho evra patch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are contraindications for combination hormone contraception?

A

migraine with aura
current blood clot
liver disease
>35 years and smoker

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are presumptive signs of pregnancy?

A

subjective
patient reports breast tenderness, amenorrhea, nausea etc

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what are probably signs of pregnancy?

A

HCG
urine test
Hegar’s sign- cervix softening
Chadwick’s - bluish
Goodell’s sign - hypertrophy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are positive signs of pregnancy

A

palpation of fetus
US of fetus
fetal heart tones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the fundal height at 12 weeks of pregnancy?

A

symphysis pubis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the fundal height at 20 weeks of pregnancy

A

level of umbilicus
18 - 22

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

When are people screened for gestational diabetes?

A

24 - 28 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

When are pregnant people screened for group b strep?

A

35 - 37 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

When do you give Rhogam if needed?

A

Week 28 pregnancy
then within 72 hours post partum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

If a pregnant person has an asymptomatic UTI do you treat?
What are your treatment options?
What can you not give?

A

CAMP
cephalosporin
amoxicillin
macrobid
PCN

DO NOT GIVE CIPRO

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

During pregnancy, when do you do AFP testing?

A

Between week 16 to 20

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What does a high AFP mean?

A

neural tube defects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What do low AFP levels indicate?

A

Down syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are down syndrome patients at higher risk for? #3

A

Alzheimer’s
hypothyroidism
Cervical spine instability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

How can you tell placental abruption from placental previa?

A

Abruption =
-painful bleeding (d/t placenta separating from the uterus)
-uterus is hard to touch
-occurs in 3rd trimester

Previa
-placenta covering cervical opening
-light, painless bleeding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

how to tx mastitis?

A

1st: dicloxacillin
2nd: clinda or macrolide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What if someone is treated for mastitis but is still having symptoms?

A

Refer to GYN; mammogram

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What pap smear result might indicate something serious might be going on?

What do you refer them to?

A

LSIL

HSIL

Refer for colposcopy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What colposcopy results indicate something serious is going on?

A

CIN 2 and 3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What do you do for an ASCUS result on colposcopy?
atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance

A

Get HPV testing regardless of age

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Whenever there is a positive HPV screening regardless of age, what do you do next?

A

colposcopy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What age do you recommend the Gardasil vaccine?

A

Age 11 but can be given as early as 9

30
Q

What is the typical tx for genital warts?

A

TCA acid

31
Q

If a postmenopausal woman is bleeding, what do you do next?

A

Refer for endometrial biopsy ASAP

32
Q

What can you order to help with hot flashes and night sweats?

A

Paxil

other options: OCP, IUD, vaginal cream, herbal supplements

33
Q

What are some common herbal supplements use in menopause?

A

Black cohosh
Ginkgo

34
Q

What type of cancer does hormone replacement therapy increase the risk for?

A

Ovarian cancer

35
Q

What medications are notorious for causing galactorrhea?

A

atypical antipsychotics

36
Q

What are first line meds for BPH?

A

Alpha blockers
“-zosins”
Terazosin
Doxazosin

37
Q

When do we need to tell our BPH patients to take their first dose of alpha blocker and why?

A

Take at night d/t 1st dose effect
orthostatic hypotension

38
Q

What medication can shrink down prostate?

A

Finasteride (Proscar)

39
Q

What herbal supplement is commonly used by BPH patients?

A

Saw palmetto

40
Q

Your patient has unilateral testicular pain with a +Prehn sign….what is going on?

A

Epididymitis

41
Q

What is a positive Prehn sign and what does it indicate?

A

Positive sign is relief of pain with scrotal elevation

Epididymitis

42
Q

How do you treat Epididymitis?

A

<35 years old = Doxycycline or Rocephin

> 35 years = Levofloxacin

43
Q

What do RBC casts indicate on a UA?

A

glomerulonephritis

44
Q

What do WBC casts indicate on a UA?

A

Pyelonephritis

45
Q

If a patient is on Warfarin…what antibiotic do you want to avoid for a UTI?

A

Bactrim

46
Q

If your patient with UTI had heel pain when they’ve taken a fluoroquinolone in the past…what abx do you want to avoid?

A

Cipro
levo

47
Q

what if your pregnant patient has a UTI, what do yo prescribe?

A

Augmentin

48
Q

What do you want to order for a patient that’s having a reoccuring UTI?

A

Kidney US

49
Q

What is our first concern when a patient comes in with erectile dysfx?

A

Heart

50
Q

What class of drug do you prescribe for erectile dysfx?

A

PDE 5
Viagra

51
Q

What do you want to order before prescribing a PDE5 inhibitor?

A

EKG

52
Q

What is secondary amenorrhea?

A

no menses for 3 months that have had a regular menstrual cycle

or no menses in 6 months for people with a history of irregular periods

53
Q

What do you need in order to make the diagnosis of PCOS?

A

anovulation
increased androgen production
multiple cysts

NEED 2/3

54
Q

Your patient’s pap smear shows AS-CUS…what are you going to do next?

A

HPV testing

55
Q

Your patient’s pap smear shows AS-CUS…then their HPV was positive…what are you going to do next?

A

refer to gyn for possible colposcopy

56
Q

Your patient’s pap smear shows LSIL/HSIL…what are you going to do next?

A

refer straight to colposcopy

57
Q

According to USPSTF guidelines, when should a woman receive a mammogram and how often?

A

starting at age 50

every 2 years

58
Q

when can we stop breast cancer screening?

when can we stop cervical cancer screening?

A

breast: 75

cervical: 65

59
Q

describe fibrocytic breasts

A

firm lumps that are
TENDER
SORE
and moveable

enlarge with menstrual cycle

60
Q

What is Chadwick’s sign?

A

bluish discoloration of the cervix

61
Q

What is Goodell’s sign?

A

softening of the cervix

62
Q

What is Naegele’s rule?

A

calculate due dates

date of their last menstrual period PLUS 9 months PLUS 7 days

63
Q

if the date of the woman’s last menstrual period was August 5th 2021 what would her due date be using Naegel’s rule?

A

May 12th of 2022

date of their last menstrual period PLUS 9 months PLUS 7 days

64
Q

how much should someone of normal weight, gain during pregnancy?

A

25 to 35 lbs

65
Q

How do you screen for gestational diabetes?

A

24 to 28 weeks

one-step: 2 hour OGTT if >200 = diabetes

two-step: 1 hour OGTT if fails then 3 hour test

66
Q

When do you screen for group b strep in pregnant women?

how do you treat?

A

35 to 37 weeks

administer PCN during labor

67
Q

when is labor considered to be premature?

A

before 37 weeks

68
Q

An IUD has to be placed with in ____ of birth

A

within 48 hours or the mother is going to have to wait up to 6 weeks post partum

69
Q

what is stage 2 CKD

A

60 to 89
mild kidney dysfx

70
Q

What is stage 3 CKD?

A

60-89
THIS IS WHEN SYMPTOMS USUALLY BEGIN

71
Q

What will someone in stage 4 CKD present with?

A

GFR 15-29
fatigue
dry/itchy skin
hematuria
edema
pallor
depression/mood swings

Brain Dump (22 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions