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Pediatrics Flashcards

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1
Q

When should a child sit up unassisted?

A

6 months old

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2
Q

When should a child be able to hold a spoon?

A

15 to 18 months old

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3
Q

When should a child stand?

A

9 months old

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4
Q

When should a child say mama and dada with meaning?

A

12 months

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5
Q

When should a child be able to walk?

A

12 to 17 months old

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6
Q

when should a child be able to copy a circle, throw a ball, and ride a tricycle?

A

3 years old

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7
Q

When should a child be able to draw a cross?

A

4 years old

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8
Q

When should a child ride a bicycle?

A

5 to 6 years

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9
Q

When should we anticipate separation anxiety?

A

9 m onths

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10
Q

When does the palmar grasp go away/

A

5 to 6 months

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11
Q

when does the posterior fontanelle close?

A

2 to 3 months

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12
Q

when does the anterior fontanelle close?

A

12 to 18 months

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13
Q

when should strabismus clear up?

A

4 to 6 months old

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14
Q

What reflexes are present at birth//

A

rooting
tonic neck reflex
grasp
moro
stepping

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15
Q

When is the birth weight going to double?

A

6 months

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16
Q

how do we know if breastfeeding is effects?

A

6 to 8 wet diapers a day

and if the baby is gaining weight

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17
Q

A bilirubin greater than ____ indicates a need for phototherapy

A

15

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18
Q

what is a common time to see regression in children?

A

anytime there’s a big life change

3 year old that’s potty trained then suddenly moving to a new house

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19
Q

What tanner stage do you have breast budding?

A

Stage 2

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20
Q

What tanner stage do you have one mound

A

stage 3

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21
Q

what tanner stage do you have 2 mound and the start of their period?

A

stage 4

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22
Q

What tanner stage for boys do they experience a growth spurt and where the penis grows most in length?

A

stage 3

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23
Q

what age is it too early to be going through puberty for boys ….and girls?

A

boys before 9 years

girls before 8 years

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24
Q

at what age should we investigate if a girl hasn’t gotten her period?

A

15 years

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25
Q

when do girls meet their adult height?

A

same time they get their period

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26
Q

for boys, what tanner stage can you see some straight pubic hairs?

A

stage 2

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27
Q

for boys, what tanner stage can we see curly pubic hairs?

A

stage 4

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28
Q

what is your first concern when a patient has cryptorchidism?

A

this is an undescended testicle

so you worry about higher risk of testicular cancer

29
Q

when do mongolian spots usually resolve?

A

5 years

30
Q

what do we worry about with a child with chronic otitis media?

A

possible hearing loss that could lead to a speech delay

31
Q

what should we do if we see a cholesteatoma?

A

refer to ent

32
Q

When do we want to refer for VUR?

A

when the urine flow backs up into the ureters and can lead to dilation of the kidneys

stage 3 order a voiding cystourethrogram to confirm

33
Q

What is some anticipatory guidance for Turner’s

A

delayed puberty
infertility

34
Q

you have a male teen come in with pain over teh anterior tibial tubercle near the insertion site…what is it?

A

osgood-schlatter

35
Q

What education do you want to give infant parents about hydrocele?

A

it will resolve on its own

36
Q

how do you tx kawasaki?

A

high dose ASPIRIN
IVIG

37
Q

Whats a leading cause of death for 1 to 4 year olds?

A

drowning

38
Q

Whats a leading cause of death for teenagers

A

MVAs

39
Q

When should the Moro (startle reflex) and stepping reflex resolve?

A

2 months

40
Q

When does the palmar reflex resolve?

A

6 months

41
Q

When should a baby be able to go from their back to stomach?

A

4 months

42
Q

when should a baby be able to roll in both directions?

A

6 months

43
Q

When does the first tooth erupt?

A

6 months

44
Q

when do babies establish hand dominance?

A

11 months

45
Q

When can a baby say 2 to 4 words?

A

1 year

46
Q

When should a baby have a full set of teeth?

A

2 years

47
Q

When should a baby be able to draw a circle?

A

3 years

48
Q

when should a child be able to draw a cross and copy a square?

A

4 years

49
Q

What is considered delayed puberty for each gender?

A

females 13
males 14

50
Q

What tanner stage do females have their period?

A

Tanner 4

51
Q

what tanner stage do males have their growth spurt?

A

tanner 3

52
Q

What vaccinations are infants getting at 2 months?

A

polio
Bib
pneumococcal
rotavirus
Dtap

53
Q

What is the presentation of Kawasaki’s

A

fever
rash
lymphadenopathy
swelling in hands/feet
“strawberry tongue”

54
Q

what are you going to give for someone with strep and mono at the same time?

A

macrolides and cephalosporin

55
Q

what is the cause of whooping cough

A

pertussis

56
Q

What is pertussis treated with?

A

azithromycin

57
Q

in what descent is thalassemia more common?

A

southeast asian
mediterranean

58
Q

What does encopresis mean?

A

fecal incontinence

59
Q

what grade VUR are you going to refer to urology?

A

grade 3

60
Q

What is another name for nursemaid’s elbow?

tx?

A

radial head subluxation

Elbow partially dislocates

closed reduction in the office

61
Q

When does genu varum resolve?

A

bow legged

2 to 3 years old

62
Q

What is Legg-Calve-Perthes?

Who does it effect?

s/s

A

osteonecrosis of the femoral head

Occurs between 4 to 8 years

s/s
-child limps
-+Trendelenburg test (child cannot stand on one leg without tiling pelvis)

63
Q

Turner’s syndrome cause
s/s
tx

A

Females missing an X chromosome

s/s:
-webbed neck
-short

tx:
Refer
need hormones initiated for puberty

64
Q

What is klinefelters
s/s

A

Males with an extra X chromosome causes testosterone deficiency

s/s:
large head
delayed developmental milestones
mental disabilities

REFER

65
Q

Marfan’s
s/s
complications

A

long limbs
tall
thin
arm span > height

complications:
-MVP w click
-aortic aneurism

66
Q

Signs of autism

A

delay speaking
poor eye contact
difficulty interacting with others
loss of developmental skills

67
Q

3 core characteristics of adhd

tx <6 years

A

hyperactivity
impulsivity
inattention

<6 months
-therapy and behavior management

> 6months
-meds

68
Q

What snri is good for neuropathic pain?

A

Duloxetine (Cymbalta)

69
Q

What tool are we going to use to assess potential anxiety?

A

GAD-7

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