Pediatrics Flashcards
When should a child sit up unassisted?
6 months old
When should a child be able to hold a spoon?
15 to 18 months old
When should a child stand?
9 months old
When should a child say mama and dada with meaning?
12 months
When should a child be able to walk?
12 to 17 months old
when should a child be able to copy a circle, throw a ball, and ride a tricycle?
3 years old
When should a child be able to draw a cross?
4 years old
When should a child ride a bicycle?
5 to 6 years
When should we anticipate separation anxiety?
9 m onths
When does the palmar grasp go away/
5 to 6 months
when does the posterior fontanelle close?
2 to 3 months
when does the anterior fontanelle close?
12 to 18 months
when should strabismus clear up?
4 to 6 months old
What reflexes are present at birth//
rooting
tonic neck reflex
grasp
moro
stepping
When is the birth weight going to double?
6 months
how do we know if breastfeeding is effects?
6 to 8 wet diapers a day
and if the baby is gaining weight
A bilirubin greater than ____ indicates a need for phototherapy
15
what is a common time to see regression in children?
anytime there’s a big life change
3 year old that’s potty trained then suddenly moving to a new house
What tanner stage do you have breast budding?
Stage 2
What tanner stage do you have one mound
stage 3
what tanner stage do you have 2 mound and the start of their period?
stage 4
What tanner stage for boys do they experience a growth spurt and where the penis grows most in length?
stage 3
what age is it too early to be going through puberty for boys ….and girls?
boys before 9 years
girls before 8 years
at what age should we investigate if a girl hasn’t gotten her period?
15 years
when do girls meet their adult height?
same time they get their period
for boys, what tanner stage can you see some straight pubic hairs?
stage 2
for boys, what tanner stage can we see curly pubic hairs?
stage 4
what is your first concern when a patient has cryptorchidism?
this is an undescended testicle
so you worry about higher risk of testicular cancer
when do mongolian spots usually resolve?
5 years
what do we worry about with a child with chronic otitis media?
possible hearing loss that could lead to a speech delay
what should we do if we see a cholesteatoma?
refer to ent
When do we want to refer for VUR?
when the urine flow backs up into the ureters and can lead to dilation of the kidneys
stage 3 order a voiding cystourethrogram to confirm
What is some anticipatory guidance for Turner’s
delayed puberty
infertility
you have a male teen come in with pain over teh anterior tibial tubercle near the insertion site…what is it?
osgood-schlatter
What education do you want to give infant parents about hydrocele?
it will resolve on its own
how do you tx kawasaki?
high dose ASPIRIN
IVIG
Whats a leading cause of death for 1 to 4 year olds?
drowning
Whats a leading cause of death for teenagers
MVAs
When should the Moro (startle reflex) and stepping reflex resolve?
2 months
When does the palmar reflex resolve?
6 months
When should a baby be able to go from their back to stomach?
4 months
when should a baby be able to roll in both directions?
6 months
When does the first tooth erupt?
6 months
when do babies establish hand dominance?
11 months
When can a baby say 2 to 4 words?
1 year
When should a baby have a full set of teeth?
2 years
When should a baby be able to draw a circle?
3 years
when should a child be able to draw a cross and copy a square?
4 years
What is considered delayed puberty for each gender?
females 13
males 14
What tanner stage do females have their period?
Tanner 4
what tanner stage do males have their growth spurt?
tanner 3
What vaccinations are infants getting at 2 months?
polio
Bib
pneumococcal
rotavirus
Dtap
What is the presentation of Kawasaki’s
fever
rash
lymphadenopathy
swelling in hands/feet
“strawberry tongue”
what are you going to give for someone with strep and mono at the same time?
macrolides and cephalosporin
what is the cause of whooping cough
pertussis
What is pertussis treated with?
azithromycin
in what descent is thalassemia more common?
southeast asian
mediterranean
What does encopresis mean?
fecal incontinence
what grade VUR are you going to refer to urology?
grade 3
What is another name for nursemaid’s elbow?
tx?
radial head subluxation
Elbow partially dislocates
closed reduction in the office
When does genu varum resolve?
bow legged
2 to 3 years old
What is Legg-Calve-Perthes?
Who does it effect?
s/s
osteonecrosis of the femoral head
Occurs between 4 to 8 years
s/s
-child limps
-+Trendelenburg test (child cannot stand on one leg without tiling pelvis)
Turner’s syndrome cause
s/s
tx
Females missing an X chromosome
s/s:
-webbed neck
-short
tx:
Refer
need hormones initiated for puberty
What is klinefelters
s/s
Males with an extra X chromosome causes testosterone deficiency
s/s:
large head
delayed developmental milestones
mental disabilities
REFER
Marfan’s
s/s
complications
long limbs
tall
thin
arm span > height
complications:
-MVP w click
-aortic aneurism
Signs of autism
delay speaking
poor eye contact
difficulty interacting with others
loss of developmental skills
3 core characteristics of adhd
tx <6 years
hyperactivity
impulsivity
inattention
<6 months
-therapy and behavior management
> 6months
-meds
What snri is good for neuropathic pain?
Duloxetine (Cymbalta)
What tool are we going to use to assess potential anxiety?
GAD-7
