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Brain Dump > Neuro > Flashcards

Neuro Flashcards

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The Brain flashcards
1
Q

what would a brain tumor headache feel like?

A

dull, persistent, always in the same spot
other: N/V, vision issues, behavioral changes

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2
Q

When Wernicke’s area is affect by stroke it is ____ aphasia

A

Receptive aphasia
difficulty understanding what is being said

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3
Q

When Broca’s area is affected by a stroke it is ____ aphasia

A

Expressive aphasia
Patient has difficulty forming speech

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4
Q

What vitamin deficiency causes Wernicke Korsakoff syndrome?

A

Vitamin B1 (thiamine)

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5
Q

Your patient is having a one sided headache, theyre tearing up, got a runny nose, occurring at the same time every day…what type of headache is this?

A

cluster

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6
Q

What is the treatment for a cluster headache?

A

100% oxygen
Ca channel blockers

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7
Q

What is a headache that is one-sided, visual impairment, temple pain/pulsing, and with an increased ESR

A

Giant cell arteritis (temporal arteritis)

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8
Q

How to treat temporal arteritis (giant cell arteritis) ?
how to Dx?

A

Long-term steroids

dx: temporal artery biopsy

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9
Q

complications of temporal arteritis

A

permanent blindness

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10
Q

What headache is worse upon awakening

A

occipital headache
or hypertension headache

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11
Q

What type of headache is PMR associated with and why?

A

inflammatory disorder that causes muscle pain
inflammation = high inflammatory markers = TEMPORAL ARTERITIS

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12
Q

What is typical prophylaxis for migraines?

A

avoid triggers
beta blockers (propanolol)

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13
Q

Abortive treatment for migraines

A

’ Triptans
Sumatriptan

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14
Q

What patients cannot use tripans?

A

ppl with uncontrolled htn
ppl on serotonin meds (increases risk of serotonin syndrome)

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15
Q

What are the 3 main symptoms of Parkinsons?

A

bradykinesia
tremor
rigidity

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16
Q

What is the Brudzinski sign?
what does it indicate?

A

Flex the back of the head and then it causes the patient’s hips/knees to flex with it
=meningitis

17
Q

What is the Kernig sign and what does it indicate?

A

Not going to be able to extend their knee past a 90 degree angle without pain
=meningitis

18
Q

What are the 3 A’s of Alzheimers?

A

Apraxia - inability to perform movements on command
Agnosia- unable to recognize objects/people
Aphasia - unable to understand/express speech

19
Q

What is a quick assessment tool to assess cognitive decline

A

MMSE

20
Q

What is CN I

A

olfactory

21
Q

What is CN 5

A

Trigeminal nerve

22
Q

What is trigeminal neuralgia?
Tx

A

Severe, stabbing pain in the face

Tx Tegretol (Carbamazepine)

23
Q

What CN is affect by Bell palsy?

A

CN 7 facial nerve

24
Q

What is CN 8

A

Acoustic nerve

25
Q

How do we test CN 8

A

Rinne and Weber

26
Q

What is the Rinne test?
what is a normal test?
Abnormal?

A

Rinne goes on mastoid bone
“Rinne under the pinna”

AC (2x longer) > BC

Abnormal = opposite

27
Q

its ___ hearing loss if the sound from the Weber test lateralizes to the patient’s good ear

A

sensorineural

28
Q

It is _____ hearing loss if the sound from the Weber lateralizes to the bad ear.

A

conductive

29
Q

What is otosclerosis?

What type of hearing loss is it?

A

Bones in middle ear stuck in place and cannot vibrate

conductive

30
Q

A new graduate NP has a patient present with a hearing complaint. The patient stated that they have had decreased hearing on the right side for the last month that is continuing to get worse. The NP completes both the Rinne and Weber tests. If the patient has Meniere’s disease, what would be the expected finding on the Weber test?

  1. AC is 2x longer than BC
  2. BC is 2x longer than AC
  3. Tuning fork lateralizes to the right ear
  4. Tuning fork lateralizes to left ear
A

Meniere’s is sensorineural

The sound with sensorineural will lateral to the good ear

The left ear is the good ear so the sound will lateralize to the left

4!!!!

31
Q

Meniere’s disease:
What are the common symptoms to see?
What is our biggest worry?

A

Vertigo, Tinnitus, ear pressure, hearing loss, Nystagmus

Worry = permanent hearing loss

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