Respiration & Breathing

Question 0

Aerobic respiration equation

Answer 0

Oxygen + glucose —> carbon dioxide + water

Question 1

What is respiration and what does it produce?

Answer 1

The breakdown of food molecules to produce energy

Question 2

Anaerobic respiration equation

Answer 2

Glucose –> ethanol + carbon dioxide.

Question 3

Where does aerobic respiration take place?

Answer 3

In all living cells in the mitochondria

Question 4

What do we do with the energy released

Answer 4

Active transport
Build smaller molecules into larger ones
Muscle contractions
Constant body temp

Question 5

How to make proteins

Answer 5

In plants, glucose, nitrates and other minerals are combined using energy to make amino acids.
In animals amino acids are already there.
More energy is then used along with ribosomes to create proteins.

Question 6

What happens when you exercise

Answer 6

Respiration increases
Increased demand for glucose and oxygen
Increased production of water and carbon dioxide.
Blood vessels dialate
Glycogen converted into glucose

Question 7

Anaerobic respiration is muscles

Answer 7

Glucose    ---> lactic acid
C6H12O6 ---> 2C3O6H3
Painful
Must be oxidised
Equals oxygen debt.
Glucose is not fully broken down
Less energy released

Question 8

The thorax

Answer 8

Trachea
Ribs & intercostal muscles
Bronchus & bronchioles 
Diaphragm 
Lungs
Pleural membranes (inner and outer) & pleural fluid
Alveoli

Question 9

Trachea

Answer 9

Air to move into and out of lungs

Question 10

Bronchi

Answer 10

Allows air to move from the trachea to each lung

Question 11

Bronchioles

Answer 11

Air to move in and out of alveoli

Question 12

Alveoli

Answer 12

Gases are exchanged into the bloodstream

Question 13

Pleural membrane

Answer 13

Makes the lungs airtight

Question 14

Pleural fluids

Answer 14

Lubrication, allows the lungs to expand and contract easily

Question 15

Ribs

Answer 15

Protects and allows intercostal muscles to be attached

Question 16

Intercostal muscles

Answer 16

Moves the rib cage up and down

Question 17

Diaphragm

Answer 17

Moves up and down resulting in ventilation

Question 18

Inhale

Answer 18

Diaphragm contracts so volume increases
Pressure in thorax falls
Air is sucked into lungs

Question 19

Exhaling

Answer 19

Diaphragm releasing resuming its moral domed shape
Volume of thorax decreases
Pressure increased
Air forced out of lungs

Question 20

Ventilation definition

Answer 20

Changing the air in your gas exchange organs. This is an active process

Question 21

Gas exchange

Answer 21

Gas diffusing in and out of your cells inside the gas exchange organs. In mammals oxygen diffuses from feh alveoli in the air spaces into the bloodstream and carbon dioxide in the opposite direction. This is a passive process

Question 22

2 types of ventilators

Answer 22

Negative pressure: makes air draw into lungs

Positive pressure ventilators: force air into lungs

Question 23

During exercise glycogen is turned into…

Answer 23

Glucose

Question 24

Which produces more energy? Aerobic or anaerobic?

Answer 24

Aerobic

Question 25

Adaptations of the alveoli

Answer 25

Large SA
Thin walls
Good blood supply
Well ventilated to maintain concentration gradient

Question 26

Why might someone need an artificial breathing aid

Answer 26

Alveoli damaged
Tubes leading to the lungs are narrowed
Person is paralysed so muscles don’t work

Question 27

Negative pressure breathing aid

Answer 27

Iron lung

Forces air out

Question 28

Positive pressure breathing aid

Answer 28

Bag

Forces air down trachea

Question 29

Where does aerobic respiration take place

Answer 29

Mitochondria

Question 30

Lactic acid + oxygen …..

Answer 30

= carbon dioxide + water