respiration Flashcards
what does respiration do
creates ATP and releases energy
what is the equation for aerobic respiration
glucose + oxygen = carbon dioxide + water + energy (ATP)
where does respiration occur
mitochondria
when ATP is hydrolysed a … molecule is inserted into it breaking the high … bond. the ATP is broken down into … and … … this process releases …
water
energy
ADP
phosphate ion
energy
what is the role of ATPase in a cell
enzymes hydrolyses ATP in a one step reaction, whenever energy is required in a cell
what does glycolysis do
splits glucose
what are the 3 final products of glycolysis - 2 of each
ATP, NADH, pyruvate
where does anaerobic respiration take place
cytoplasm
what happens to the pyruvate in anaerobic respiration
as there is a lack of oxygen the pyruvate is converted into lactate
what is NADH
reduced NAD - carries electron
what is NAD
doesn’t carry electrons
what is FADH2
reduced FAD
what is the link reaction
pyruvate is transported into the mitochondrial matrix, a molecule of CO2 is removed and some NADH is produced - leaving a compound called acetate
what does acetate combine with to form what
combines with COA to form acetyl coenzyme A
what is produced by the link reaction
NADH, CO2, COA, acetyl
2 of each
why is the krebs cycle important in respiration
it releases energy rich molecules that are used in the next step of cellular respiration
what activity in the cell requires energy
active transport
protein synthesis
why is the inner membrane of the mitochondria highly folded
increases the surface area and more space to synthesise ATP
why does the muscle cell require a greater number of mitochondria
as they require more energy from ATP as they are contracting
