respiration

Question 1

respiration definition

Answer 1

the release of energy from food

Question 2

ventilation

Answer 2

the movement of gases in and out of the body. gas exchange

Question 3

pathway of air

Answer 3

nose/mouth
larynx
trachea
bronchus
bronchioles
alveoli

Question 4

role of cells in the trachea

Answer 4

keep airways clean
secretion of mucus to trap bacteria and dirt
cilia sweep the mucus back to the mouth away from lungs

Question 5

role of intercostal muscles and diaphragm
(air pressure)

Answer 5

change air pressure
inner and outer are antagonistic muscles
breath in: external intercostals contract and diaphragm contracts and falls/flattens. !pressure in lungs lower than outside body!

breath out: internal intercostals contract and diaphragm goes back to dome shape
!pressure in lungs higher than outside body!

Question 6

alveoli

Answer 6

sacks of air with capillaries around it so oxygen can diffuse into bloodstream and CO2 diffuses back into the alveoli. concentration gradient is maintained as blood flows