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First Year > Resp Anatomy > Flashcards

Resp Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Where do you auscultate anteriorly for the apex of the lung?

A

Above the clavicle

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2
Q

Where do you auscultate anteriorly for the right and left upper lobes of the lung?

A

2nd Intercostal space

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3
Q

Where do you auscultate anteriorly for the right middle lobe and left upper lobe of the lung?

A

4th Intercostal space

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4
Q

Where do you auscultate anteriorly for the right and left lower lobes of the lung?

A

Midaxillary at 6th Intercostal space

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5
Q

Where do you auscultate posteriorly for the apex of the lung?

A

Above the scapulae

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6
Q

Where do you auscultate posteriorly for the right and left upper lobes of the lung?

A

C7 to T3

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7
Q

Where do you auscultate posteriorly for the right and left lower lobes of the lung?

A

T3 to T10

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8
Q

Where do you auscultate for lung bases?

A

Scapular line at T11 level

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9
Q

Where is Tracheal breath sounds heard?

A

Over the trachea (just above the subclavicular notch)

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10
Q

Where is Bronchial breath sounds heard?

A

Over the manubrium (just above th clavicle)

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11
Q

Where is Bronchovesticular breath sounds heard?

A

1st and 2nd Intercostal spaces next to the sternum and between the scapula

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12
Q

Where is Vesicular breath sounds heard?

A

Over most of the lung fields

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13
Q

What is the inspiratory:expiratory ratio during Tracheal breath sounds?

A

Equal

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14
Q

What is the inspiratory:expiratory ratio during Bronchial breath sounds?

A

Inspiratory is shorter than expiratory

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15
Q

What is the inspiratory:expiratory ratio during Bronchovesticular breath sounds?

A

Equal

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16
Q

What is the inspiratory:expiratory ratio during Vesicular breath sounds?

A

Inspiratory is longer than expiratory

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17
Q

What is the intensity and pitch of Tracheal breath sounds?

A

Very loud, high pitch

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18
Q

What is the intensity and pitch of Bronchial breath sounds?

A

Loud, relatively high pitch

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19
Q

What is the intensity and pitch of Bronchovesticular breath sounds?

A

Medium loudness, intermediate pitch

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20
Q

What is the intensity and pitch of Vesicular breath sounds?

A

Soft, relatively low pitch

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21
Q

Where is the horizontal fissure of the right lung?

A

At the level of rib 4

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22
Q

Where is the oblique fissures of the left and right lungs?

A

At the level of rib 6 anteriorly, rising to the level of T3 posteriorly

23
Q

When does the larynx become the trachea?

A

At C6 level

24
Q

Where is the sternal angle found?

A

At the level of the 2nd costal cartilage on either side, and the level between the fourth and fifth thoracic vertebra

25
Q

What is the anatomical importance of the sternal angle?

A

It is used as a landmark for the following anatomical features:
- Beginning and the end of the arch of the aorta
- Branching of the pulmonary trunk.
- Bifurcation of the trachea.

26
Q

What is the clinical importance of the sternal angle?

A

Is used to identify the 2nd rib and the remaining ribs.

27
Q

Where is the xiphoid process found?

A

It is the most distal part of the sternum, situated at T9 level

28
Q

Where do the anterior intercostal arteries originate?

A

The internal thoracic artery

29
Q

Where do the posterior intercostal arteries originate?

A

The aorta

30
Q

Where do the anterior intercostal veins drain?

A

Into the internal thoracic veins

31
Q

Where do the posterior intercostal veins drain?

A

Into the azygous vein

32
Q

From superior to inferior, what are intercostal neurovascular bundles comprised of?

A

Vein, artery & nerve (VAN)

33
Q

Where is the Caval opening of the diaphragm located?

A

At T8 level

34
Q

What is the purpose of the Caval opening?

A

Allows the inferior vena cava and the right phrenic nerve branches to pass through

35
Q

Where is the Esophageal opening of the diaphragm located?

A

At T10 level

36
Q

What is the purpose of the Esophageal opening?

A

Transmits the esophagus, vagus nerves, and the small esophageal arteries

37
Q

Where is the aortic opening of the diaphragm located?

A

At T12 level

38
Q

What is the purpose of the aortic opening?

A

Allows the aorta, thoracic duct, and the azygos vein to pass through

39
Q

What is meant by the phrase ‘I ate 10 eggs at 12’?

A

I 8= inferior vena cava pierce at T8, 10 Eggs= Esophagus pierces at T10 , At 12 = Aorta
pierces at T12

40
Q

What type of muscle is the diaphragm?

A

Skeletal

41
Q

What innervates the diaphragm?

A

The phrenic nerve

42
Q

What is the phrenic nerve comprised of?

A

The anterior rami of C3, C4 and C5

43
Q

What type of neurons are the anterior rami?

A

Motor

44
Q

What type of neurons are the posterior rami?

A

Sensory

45
Q

What does the long thoracic nerve supply?

A

The serratus anterior muscle

46
Q

What does paralysis of the long thoracic nerve result in?

A

Winged scapula

47
Q

What makes up the group of blood vessels either side of the sternum?

A

The internal thoracic artery and a pair of veins

48
Q

What is the most inferior part of the pleural cavity?

A

The costodiaphragmatic recess

49
Q

What is the most inferior part of the costodiaphragmatic recess?

A

The costophrenic angle

50
Q

What is meant by the term ‘blunting of angles’?

A

Fluid build up in the costophrenic angle

51
Q

What does the term ‘blunting of angles’ indicate?

A

Pleural effusion

52
Q

What is the ‘tongue’ of the superior lobe of the left lung is called?

A

The Lingula

53
Q

Where is the cephalic vein located?

A

The delto-pectoral groove

54
Q

Where does the trachea bifurcate?

A

At the level of the sternal angle

First Year (71 decks)

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