resp Flashcards
thoracocentesis result for empyema?
Turbid effusion with pH<7.2, Low glucose, High LDH
how to calc pack years
20 cigs = 1 pack
packs x years
symptomatic high risk pt with pneumothorax that need chest drain are :
BUSH 50
bilateral pneumothorax
underlying lung disease
significant hypoxia
haemodynamic compromise/haemothorax
>50 with significant smoking hx
p ANCA is assoc with ?
Churg-Strauss syndrome or Eosinophilic Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (EGPA, previously known as allergic granulomatosis).
cANCA is assoc with
granulomatosis with polyangitis
- wegners
- ENT
- resp
- kidney
all the C’s
- nasal crusting and bleeding
- congestion
- CANCA
- crescentic glomerulonephritis on biopsy
- cough
- cocaine -> saddle nose
when to initiate LTOT
po2 of 7.3-8 and:
- secondary polycythaemia
- peripheral oedema
- pul HYT
first line mx for COPD infective exacerbation
amox or
clarithromycin or doxy
what smoking cessation should be avoided in epilepsy
bupropion
contraindications to lung cancer surgery are?
SVC obsruction
FEV <1.5
malignant pleural effusion
vocal cord paralysis
side effect of polycythemia
stroke or vte
exudative causes of pleural effusion
infection
CT disorder
cancer
pancreatitis
PE
dressler
yellow nail syndrome
when to give abx for acute bronchitis
if > CRP or if risk of complications (significant co-morb)
doxy 1st line
if <18 or preg give amox
asbestosis spriometry
FEV1 reduced
FEV1/FVC increased
causes of upper lung fibrosis
CHARTS
Coal workers
Histiocytosis/hypersens
Ankylosing spond
Radiation
Silicosis/sarcoidosis
when is CXR repeated for pts discharged after pneumonia
6 weeks !!!!!
what does a normal pulmonary capillary wedge indicate
pressure in pulmonary artery
if its a cardiac cause then it will be increased
ARDS looks similar to cardiac pul oedema but will have normal wedge pressure
pleural ph of which level determines a pt with pleural effusion gets a chest drain
<7.2 -> indicates infection
FBC of pt with lung cancer may show?
raised platelets
cancers with raised platelets
LEGO-C
- Lung
-Endometrial
-Gastric
-Oesophageal
-Colorectal, CML
smoking cessation in pregnancy
nicotine replacement
bupropion and varenicline are contraindicated
gynecomastia is assoc wth which type of lung cancer
adenocarcinoma
what condition can occur in a pt that already has a diagnosis of TB or bronchiectasis
aspergilloma
- fungal infection
- cough, haemoptysis, chest pain
- rounded opacity in upper zone with rim of air known as air-crescent sign
what can occur if an effusion is drained too quickly
re-expansion of pul oedema
how is mesothelioma diagnosed
thoracoscopy + histology
how is COPD severity categorised
by FEV1
mild COPD ixfindings?
FEV 1> 80% stage 1
mod COPD ix findings?
FEV1 50-79
stage2
severe COPD ix findings?
stge 3 FEV1 30-49
very severe COPD ixfindings?
FEV1 <30% stage 4
