renal

Question 1

post op pt <0.5ml/kg/hr mx>

Answer 1

fluid challenge of 500ml crystalloid

Question 2

what is most useful diagnostic test in HUS

Answer 2

blood film - schistocytes

Question 3

causes of focal segemented glomerulosclerosis

Answer 3

caused by
HIV
idiopathic
secondary to other renal pathology
heroin

Question 4

ix and mx of focal segemented glomerulosclerosis

Answer 4

renal biopsy -> effacement of foot process, hyalinosis on light microscopy

tx with steroids +/- immunosup

Question 5

px of IGA nephropathy

Answer 5

visible haematuria
following URTI 2days!
young male
nephrotic symptoms rare

Question 6

ADPKD is assoc with which murmur and condition

Answer 6

systolic murmur with mid-systolic click caused by mitral valve prolapse

Question 7

why does nephrotic syndrome cause hypercoaguable blood

Answer 7

loss of antithrombin 3 and plasminogen via kidneys

Question 8

what are the complications of nephrotic syndrome

Answer 8

increased VTE risk
hyperlipidaemia
CKD
increased infection risk due to immunoglobulin loss
hypocalcaemia as vit D and binding protein are lost in urine

Question 9

what is alport syndrome

Answer 9

genetic disorder of collagen type 4
- found in basement membrane of kidney and cochlear

Question 10

which renal condition is assoc with malignancy

Answer 10

membranous glomerulonephritis