Resp Flashcards
Channels responsible for moving fetal fluid out of lungs during labor
Na channels
Oxygen index formula
MAP x FiO2 (full, example: 100%) / paO2
Oxygen content formula
(1.34 x Hb x O2 Sat) + (0.003 x PaO2)
ECMO indications
1)Alveolar-arterial O2 gradient greater than 600.
2) a PaO2 of less than 40
3) an oxygenation index greater than or equal to 40
Surfactant deficiency of which protein has NOT been associated with human clinical disease
Surfactant protein D
Which surfactant protein is not in artificial surfactant
Surfactant protein A,
Pressure required to keep alveoli distended is _____proproritional to the surface tension and ________ proportional to alveolar radius
Directly, indirectly
Distending pressure = 2x surface tension/alveolar radius
Laplace’s law
What is the largest component of surfactant
Phosphatidylcholine, disaturated (50%)
How many alveoli does a term infant have?
50-150 million alveoli
The most common pathogen associated with chorioamnionitis is…
Ureaplasma and mycoplasma specifies
Which part of the brain responds to changes in carbon dioxide
Central chemoreceptors of the medulla
Response to oxygen is mediated by
Peripheral chemoreceptors in the carotid and aortic bodies
Dead space ratio, bronchochonstriction increases/decreases anatomical dead space
High ventilation to perfusion ratio, decreases, physiologic dead space = anatomic + alveolar dead space
Which fats are recommended in chylothorax
Medium chain triglycerides, chylothorax has a lymphocytic predominance
Most likely mediator involved in episodic interruption of fetal breathing is
Prostaglandin (makes sense because PGE can also cause apnea postnatally).
Inhaled NO that activates which enzyme
Guanylate cyclase
Sildenafil inhibits
Phosphodiesterase 5
Mileinone inhibits
Phosphodiesterase 3
Most abundant surfactant protein
Surfactant protein A
Surfactant protein deficiency that appears at a few months of age
Surfactant protein C
Autosomal Recessive, most common known genetic cause of surfactant deficiency can present with respiratory distress soon after birth
ATP-Binding cassette member A3 Deficiency
Substances that delay lung maturation
Insulin, TGF-beta, androgens
Also diabetes, RH isoimunizatjon with hydros, 2nd born twin, male sex, c-section, prematurity.
What L/S ration means lung maturity
Greater than 2, increasing lecithin content affects lung maturity
Administration in prenatal corticosteroids leads to ______ in fetal movements and breathing.
Decrease
