Pharmacology/Sats Flashcards
Which proton pump inhibitor has the least interaction with the cytochrome P450 system
Pantoprazole
Study whereby study groups are defined by their disease status and there is a comparison of risks between those with and without the disease
Case control
P450 inducers
Dexamethasone, phenobarbital, phenytoin, rifampin
Inhibitors of P450
Chloramphenicol, cimetidine, erythromycin, fluconazole, indomethacin, methadone, omeprazole, ranitidine
One standard deviations from the mean____
Two standard deviations from the mean ____
Three standard deviations from the mean _____
68.2%, 95.4%, 99.8%
Characterized by excretion of certain percentage of drug per unit time so that the rate of drug elimination is directly proportional to the serum concentration
First order kinetics (gentamicin)
Excretion of a constant amount of drug per unit regardless of the serum drug concentration
Zero order kinetics (dosage dependent)
Type 1 error
Rejecting the null hypothesis when it is true
Salt wasting, which elevated 17-OH progesterone
21-hydroxylase deficiency
High BP, no salt wasting (usually), increased deoxyxorticosterone and deoxycortisol
11-beta hydroxylase deficiency
High BP, no salt wasting, elevated deoxycorticosterone and corticosterone; low 17-OH progesterone and 17-OH pregenolone
17- hydroxylase deficiency
Normal BP, salt wasting, elevated 17-OH pregnenolone, pregnenalone and dehydroepiandsyerone
3 beta- hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase deficiency (rare)
Purpose of including covariantes in a RCT
To increase statistical power
Type II error
Accepting the null hypothesis when the alternative hypothesis is true
Wilcoxon rank sum test
Used to compare means when the parameter of interest is not normally distributed
