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CP 2 > Resistance Training Types > Flashcards

Resistance Training Types Flashcards

1
Q

what is DCER

A

dynamic exercise against constant external resistance (isotonic)

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2
Q

what is a limitation of DCER

A

the working muscle is only maximally challenged at one point during the arc of motion

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3
Q

what is the current main form of exercise prescribed

A

DCER

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4
Q

what is variable resistance

A

a load applies a variable amount of resistance throughout the exercise

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5
Q

examples of variable resistance

A

hydraulic or pneumatic machines

elastic bands

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6
Q

isokentic training

A

velocity of resistance is kept constant throughout the entire joints ROM

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7
Q

pro’s of isokinetic training

A
  • can exercise at a wide range of velocity
  • specific velocity for specific tasks
  • concentric and/or eccentric
  • resistance applied = the force being applied by the extremity, may allow for pt to perform increased # of reps as fatigue sets in
  • accommodate exercise to pain, less resistance thru painful arc, but allows reps to occur
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8
Q

cons of isokinetic training

A
  • limited evidence of how this training carries over into function
  • isolation of a single muscle and is uniplanar
  • does not involve weight bearing
  • pt can’t typically carry over programs
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9
Q

open chain

A

distal segment moves freely

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10
Q

closed chain

A

proximal segment moves on fixed distal

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10
Q

closed chain

A

proximal segment moves on fixed distal

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11
Q

open chain exercise decision making

A
  • may be superior in isolating one muscle group
  • greater control, good for early rehab
  • option for those who have limited WB status
  • good for inflammation/pain
  • easily replicated
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12
Q

precaution for open chain exercise

A

OC exercises performed at a high load can have an adverse effect on unstable, injured or recently repaired joints

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13
Q

closed chain decision making

A
  • increased likelihood for substitution due to multiple joints moving
  • necessitates the functional challenge of multiple muscles being activated for postural support; may have improve carry over for those who have postural weakness
  • joint approximation and axial loading has less shear force, leading to increased stability
  • stimulate mechanoreceptors and proprioceptors –> activates both agonist & antagonist –> better stability
  • better outcomes for balance
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14
Q

general guidelines for manual resistance

A
  • appropriate body mechanics as therapist
  • keep pt’s limb close to you for control
  • gradual, graded resistance applied
  • verbal commands, coordinate timing of commands appropriately
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15
Q

what are the advantages of manual resistance strengthening?

A
  • effective in early rehab, transition to mechanical resistance
  • “fine tuning” resistance
  • max potential of muscle to work through ROM
  • static or dynamic
  • easily adjustment
  • direct contact with pt
16
Q

what are the disadvantages of manual resistance strengthening?

A
  • load applied is subjective
  • resistance is limited to strength of therapist
  • not safely performed at high speeds
  • not good to transition into HEP
  • labor & time intensive for therapist
  • not good for muscular endurance
17
Q

equipment for mechanical resistance

A
  • free weights
  • pulley systems
  • variable resistance units
  • elastic bands
  • dynamic stabilization equipment
  • close chain related equipment
18
Q

advantages of mechanical resistance

A
  • objective measure, progress easily
  • pt’s in intermediate/advanced stages of rehab or when the strength of the therapist isn’t adequate
  • builds muscular endurance
  • certain pneumatic machines allow for variable resistance/velocities
  • carry over to HEP
19
Q

disadvantages of mechanical resistance

A
  • not good for weak muscles or soft tissues in early stages of healing
  • only challenging in one point of ROM
  • equipment can be expensive
  • machines, elastic bands and free weights are manufacturer specific
20
Q

what do you need to consider with free weights

A

consider the levers and joint angles at which the muscle is going to be maximally loaded

21
Q

simple pulley systems

A
  • impose a relatively fixed load as opposed to variable machines
  • provide max resistance to the muscle when the angle of the pulley is at a right angle with the moving bone
22
Q

what do you need to consider when trying to produce more torque

A

the levers and joint angles at which the muscle is going to be maximally loaded

23
Q

advantages of free and pulley weight training

A
  • positions can vary, more muscles accessible
  • stabilizing muscles required
  • multiple movements
  • resistance can gradually increase
  • easy carry over to HEP
24
Q

disadvantages of free and pulley weight training

A
  • bc of requirement of stabilization, proper form and alignment may take longer to achieve
  • control movement, risk for joint damage
  • functional carry over is low bc need to do movements slow and controlled
  • spotter sometimes necessary
25
Q

elastic resistance

A

variable resistance through properties of elongation

26
Q

advantages of bands

A
  • portable
  • inexpensive
  • easy set up
  • safe
  • exercise in multiple planes
  • no external stabilization, postural challenge
27
Q

disadvantages of bands

A
  • needs replacing
  • material fatigue
  • latex allergy
  • lack of standardized resistance
28
Q

what is the appropriate length of a resistance band

A

long enough so that when the band is secure at both ends there is no tension at the start of the exercise

CP 2 (26 decks)

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