Resilience Flashcards
Define Resilience
The ability to maintain psychobiological allostasis
The ability to adapt successfully to severe and chronic stress
What are some psychosocial factors associated with resilience?
Facing fears and active coping
Optimism and positive emotions
Cognitive reappraisal, positive reframing, and acceptance
Social competence and support
Purpose in life, moral compass, meaning, and spirituality
What are some underlying neurobiological mechansims associated with resilience?
Cognitive flexibility and control Healthy reward signalling Well regulated emotional responses Optimal hormonal function Stress inoculation Functional fear circuitry
Positive life experiences promote resilience by developing:
Healthy stress axis with functional feedback
Healthy CNS structures that promote cognitive control
What is Stress Inoculation?
Resilience to stress through previous encounter
Short term actions of cortisol promote adaptations
Touch can stimulate the release of ________ ?
Endorphins (opioids)
Anterior Cingulate Cortex (ACC) contains receptors for _________ which when stimulated can create feeling of _________ and increase rational decision making (active coping) in that area
Opioid
Reward
What is Oxytocin and what effects does it have on resilience?
Love and bonding hormone
Can reduce activation in the amygdala and weaken connections with brainstem which controls some stress responses
The release of ________ and _________ following social interaction or touch could help regulate emotional responses, reduce stress response, increase feeling of reward and allow for rational decision making
Endorphins and Oxytocin
A white matter tract within the cingulate cortex that connects the frontal lobe with the temporal lobe which is stronger in resilient individuals
Cingulum
The Cingulum connects the _______ circuitry of the PFC and ACC with the _________ circuitry of the limbic system in the temporal lobe
Reasoning
Emotional
Increased activity in what cortex is consistent with a greater ability to reason, plan, enact active coping strategies, and ultimately take control as they experience stress in resilient individuals?
Prefrontal Cortex (PFC)
What type of genotypes are positively correlated with resilience?
Those which permit effective activation and termination of HPA axis activity
(CRH, GR genes)
What hormone acts at receptors in the amygdala, PFC, hippocampus, and brainstem to shut down the stress response by inhibiting the secretion of ACTH and norepineprhine?
Neuropeptide Y
