Research & Program Evaluation

Question 1

Idiographic

Answer 1

single-subject research

Question 2

Nomothetic

Answer 2

studies using groups of individuals to discover general principles

Question 3

Experiments emphasize parsimony. What does parsimony mean?

Answer 3

Interpreting the results in the simplest way; easy and less complex explanation is the best. AKA as Occam’s Razor

Question 4

When is a experiment confounded?

Answer 4

undesirable variables are not kept out of the experiment

Question 5

Independent Variable (IV)

Answer 5

the variable that the researcher manipulates, controls alters or wishes to experiment with

Question 6

Dependent Variable (DV)

Answer 6

expresses the outcome or the data

Question 7

Quasi-experiement

Answer 7

subjects cannot be randomly assigned

Question 8

R.A Fisher

Answer 8

pioneered hypothesis testing

Question 9

Null hypothesis

Answer 9

suggest that there will not be a significant difference between the experimental group and the control group upon receiving or not receiving the IV

Question 10

Alternative/Affirmative Hypothesis

Answer 10

asserts that the IV caused a change

Question 11

Type I and II error

Answer 11

alpha and beta

Question 12

When does a Type I error occur?

Answer 12

null is rejected when it’s applicable or true

Question 13

When does a Type II error occur?

Answer 13

null is rejected when it’s applicable and true OR you accept the null when it’s false

Question 14

Correlation coefficient

Answer 14

a statistic that indicates the degree of relationship between two variable; often abbreviated using lower case “r”

Question 15

Bivariate

Answer 15

when correlation data describe the nature of TWO variable

Question 16

Multivariate

Answer 16

when correlation data describe the nature of more than two variables

Question 17

Single blind study

Answer 17

the subject does not know whether they are in the experimental or control group

Question 18

Double blind study

Answer 18

neither the subject or researcher knows who is in the experimental or control group

Question 19

What is the most useful measure of central tendency?

Answer 19

The mean; often abbreviated by an “X” with a bar over it

Question 20

Factorial experiment

Answer 20

several experimental variables are investigated and interactions can be noted (EX. group and individual therapy)

Question 21

X Axis

Answer 21

the horizontal axis used to plot the IV on a graph

Question 22

Y Axis

Answer 22

the vertical axis used to plot the DV on a graph

Question 23

Scattergram/Scatterplot

Answer 23

a pictorial diagram or graph of two variable being correlated

Question 24

Quasi experiment

Answer 24

when the researcher cannot control the IV