Career Development Flashcards
Trait and factor making theory
E.G. Williamson based on his knowledge of Frank Parsons; the father of guidance. Relies on tests & assessments to match traits, aptitude and interests with a given occupation
John Holland’s 6 personality and work environments career typology
Realistic-machine shop worker or dog walker
Investigative-researcher or chemist
Artistic- singer or book author
Social- teacher or counselor
Enterprising- sales person or business owner
Conventional- secretary or file clerk; person is categorized using three digit codes
Donald Super’s self concept & developmental stage theory
AKA life span; Life rainbow helps conceptualize roles a child, student citizen, worker, spouse etc.
Anne Roe’s early childhood needs-theory approach
vocational choice is related to personality development at such a young age.
Ginzberg Group
Created by an economist, psychiatrist, sociologist and psychologist; first developmental approach to occupational choice. Developmental stages are: Fantasy-11 and under Tentative- 11 to 17 Realistic- 17 into early adulthood
Mark Savickas’ career construction postmodern theory
heavily rooted in narrative therapy in which the client’s life is viewed as a story they constructed and interventions focuses on recurring themes to re-author the story; critical of most traditional theories
Social cognitive counseling theory (SCCT)
focuses on how one’s belief system impacts career choice
Linda Gottfredson’s theory of cicumscription
Phase One: Rule out certain jobs not acceptable for gender, stereotypes and social class and compromise Phase Two- change mind, major etc if career path is not truly realistic
Edgar H. Schein’s career anchors theory
Anchors manifest 5 to 10 years after a person begins work and guide future career choices; Anchors are based on the self-concept, abilities, and what the person is good at.
Anne Roe’s 6 occupational levels
1) Professional and managerial 1
2) Professional and managerial 2
3) Semiprofessional/small business
4) Skilled
5) Semi skilled
6) Unskilled
Career rainbow
graphic display of the roles unfolding over the life span
John Crites
well known for Career Maturity Inventory (CMI) that measures attitudes and competencies related to the career choice process
David Tiedman and Robert O’Hara
proposed the decision making theory; which refers to periods of anticipation and implementation/adjustment.
Anticipation stage: individual imagines themselves in a given career
Implementation stage: the person engages in reality testing regarding their expectations concerning the occupation
Gelatt Decision Model
Harry B. Gelatt; refers to information as the fuel of the decision.
OOH
Occupational Outlook Handbook
Contrast effect
in career placement settings this term is used to suggest an interviewer’s impression of an interviewee is often affected by previous interviewees
Compensatory effect
suggests that a worker compensates or makes up for things they can’t do on the job Ex: a librarian may be loud after work
Spillover effect
when an individual’s work spills over into their time off work
Recency effect
occurs when a rater’s judgment of an employee reflects primarily their most recent performance
Leniency/Strictness Bias
occurs when a rater tends to give employees very high/lenient or very low/strict ratings while avoiding the middle/average rating
Central Tendency Bias
raters who rate people in the average range
Reentry women
refers to women who go from working within the home to working outside the home; typically experience an extremely high degree of career indecision
In basket technique
a job stimulation in which the job candidate is given a basket of memos, emails, messages, reports etc that they would typically encounter. The person doing the hiring monitors how the candidates makes decisions, prioritizes, responds and delegates
Robert Hoppock
feels that to make an accurate career decision you must know your personal needs and then find an occupation that meets a high percentage of the needs; as your personal needs change an individual to secure a different occupation
