research methods - experiments Flashcards
what are experiments
an investigation looking for a cause and effect relationship
what is an Iv
an independent variable is the factor in an experiment which is under investigation and is manipulated
what is a Dv
a dependent variable the factor in an experiment which is measured and is supposed to change under the influence of the iv
what are extraneous variables
a variable in an experiment other than the iv which acts randomly and affects the dv
what is a control condition
a level of the iv in an experiment where the iv is missing and is compared to one or more experimental conditions
what is experimental design
the way participants are allocated to different levels of the iv
what are the three types of experimental design
-independent measures design
-repeated measures design
-matched pairs design
what are independent measures design
this is an experimental design where a separate group of participants are used for each level of the iv
what is repeated measures design
this is an experimental design where all the participants go through each level of iv
what is matched pairs design
an experimental condition where the participants are arranged into pairs that are similar in ways that are important to the study e.g age, gender, iq
what are participant variables
individual differences between participants
what are order effects
these are practice and fatigue effects and are the consequence of participating in a study more than once
standardisation
keeping the procedure for each participant in the study exactly the same
what are laboratory experiments
a experiment that looks for a casual relationship and is conducted in an artificial setting that is not the participants usual environment
what is a field experiment
an experiment that is conducted in the participants natural environment
